Accompanying farmers in preventing brown backed rice plant hoppers, yellow dwarf diseases, twisted leaves dwarf diseases

During the outbreak of brown backed rice plant hopper, brown dwarf disease, twisted leaf dwarf disease (VL-LXL), the Mekong Delta Rice Institute has actively supported localities and farmers in the epidemic work with many practical activities. Specifically.

Currently, scientists of the Institute are focusing on research, selection and replication of rice varieties with high resistance to high-level disease, to timely supply to localities in the next crop.

According to Dr. Pham Van Du, Deputy Director of the Mekong Delta Rice Institute, the research and selection of rice varieties are promising, resistant or resistant to brown backed rice plant hoppers, the National Steering Committee for BPH prevention and disease control. The Institute's LXL is very important, it needs to be done quickly. Because currently, most promising, short-term, high-yield rice varieties are infected with brown backed rice plant hopper and VL-LXL. Therefore, in addition to studying the resistance gene source to use in hybridization, it is necessary to purify promising varieties to timely serve production in the Mekong Delta. The project 'Evaluation of resistance to rice dwarf grass, dwarf twisted leaves and Tungro on rice varieties for Mekong Delta' , chaired by Dr. Pham Van Du, is being implemented. Scientists will develop a process of seed screening to protect against viral diseases in greenhouse conditions as well as in field conditions. From there, select 10-20 promising varieties that are resistant and well resistant to brown planthopper and many sources of viral diseases causing VL-LXL.

The rapid multiplication of promising varieties in the Institute's seed fields to create good seed sources for localities produced in the summer-autumn 2007 crop is also being rushed. Dr. Pham Van Du said: 'During the outbreak of brown backed rice plant hopper, VL-LXL, the Institute has released new varieties: OM4498, OM5930, OM 4495, OM 2431 (AF996), OMCS2000, OM 576 withstandable Brown plant hopper, VL-LXL. The Institute is actively multiplying super-prototypal and primitive varieties to supply breeding centers and breeding facilities in the Mekong Delta. The institute's plan is to provide 32 tons of super-prototypal varieties, 500 tons of pure seeds for the 2007 summer-autumn crop. In order to well implement this plan, scientists of the Mekong Delta Rice Institute have had an improvement initiative 'Cultivation of sowing and sowing on the field with the installation of brown backed rice plant hoppers and restriction of VL-LXL'. This model is applied at the Mekong Delta Rice Institute with an area of ​​77 ha to propagate super-prototypes, primeval in the summer and winter-spring season in 2006.

Use plating protective mesh to avoid brown backed rice plant hopper infestation of VL-LXL.
(Photo: Nguyen Van Tao)

The model is done as follows : Plating is sown on the yard with PE plastic cover with ready-mixed nutrient material. Plating after sowing is done with plastic net to avoid brown backed rice plant hopper and transmission of viral VL-LXL. Field transplanting helps to save seed sowing and short transplanting time. The seedlings do not lose power, help the rice plant quickly branch, good resistance and yield higher than 500kg / ha on the same variety. The cost of transplanting the field from seeding to transplanting is VND 2.1 million, reducing about 900,000 compared to rice transplanting. Mr. Nguyen Van Tao, Head of Production Department, Mekong Delta Rice Institute, said: 'Plating rice seed is sown by the above method at Lua Institute which is developing well, there is no sign of brown backed rice plant hopper and VL-LXL' . The pattern of plating for plating is also applied by scientists for plating in the field and giving good results. For plating on the yard, the grid is about 50 cm; Plating in the field, the mesh is plated 1 m.

In addition, the Mekong Delta Rice Institute has assembled over 280 lines and varieties from other institutes and schools to carry out surveys on the resistance against brown backed rice plant hoppers and VL-LXL at the places of epidemic occurrence such as: Soc Trang, Tra Vinh, Hau Giang, Can Tho, Tay Ninh . and received 48 lines and varieties resistant to grass dwarf disease from Indonesia, Tungro disease from the International Rice Institute (IRRI). Some rice varieties resistant to VL-LXL in the last outbreak in the Mekong Delta and Eastern provinces are also collected and studied by officials of the Institute .

One of the outstanding achievements of the Mekong Delta Rice Institute in 2006 was evaluated and recognized by the Science Council of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development as a national rice variety, OM4498; At the same time, allowing production of trial varieties: OM5930, OM 5239, OM 2008 (sticky rice), OM 2519.

OM4498 rice variety was developed by Dr. Nguyen Thi Lang, Head of Genetic Department - Breeding and selecting partners for difficult areas with acid sulphate soil and water rice fields.OM4498 is one of the ten most prominent varieties that were voted continuously at the seed evaluation workshops at the Rice Institute and Mekong Delta provinces from 2003 to 2005 and the summer-autumn season 2006. The varieties originated from IR64 / OMCS2000 hybrid combination / IR64marker and biotechnology application help breeding selection should shorten the selection time. OM4498 is of good quality: long slender rice grains, little silver in rice, amylose content 24.4%, weight of 1,000 27 gram grains, rice grains of export standard. OM4498 can grow crops in the year, yield reaches 5-8 tons / ha. Currently, OM4498 cultivation area in the Mekong Delta is about 15,000 ha. OM4498 has moderate resistance to rice blast and brown plant hopper disease. In the summer-autumn crop to the autumn-winter crop of 2006, when the brown planthopper outbreaks in the southern provinces, the OM4498 has the advantage of being resistant to VL-LXL and producing high productivity while other varieties have the same conditions of loss.

Dr. Nguyen Thi Lang said: 'The study of OM4498 rice variety was started in 2000. In 2003, OM4498 rice variety was officially introduced and assayed. In 2005, the Science Council of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development recognized that it was a regionalized variety and in 2006, it was recognized as a national variety '. Currently, Dr. Nguyen Thi Lang and colleagues are continuing to research and breed other promising rice varieties.

In addition to seed issues, the Mekong Delta Rice Institute also has many other effective activities for the prevention of brown plant hoppers and VL-LXL such as: Participating in research on cultivation models (using fecal varieties). fertilizer for pest reduction), epidemic models in Soc Trang and Tra Vinh. Conducting tests, screening brown plant hoppers, VL-LXL in net houses and fields. Surveying the impact of cultivation methods and natural conditions on the development of brown planthopper and VL-LXL. Prepare and publish documents on the process of preventing brown backed rice plant hopper, VL-LXL, introduce some rice varieties that are resistant to brown plant hoppers and sent to provinces in the epidemic areas. At the same time, closely coordinate with the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, provinces in the region, Plant Protection Department; strengthen cooperation with international scientific agencies to study rice varieties resistant to brown planthopper .

Dr. Le Van Banh, Deputy Director of the Mekong Delta Rice Institute, affirmed: 'The Mekong Delta Rice Institute always accompanies localities and farmers in the prevention of brown plant hoppers and VL-LXL'. That enthusiasm of the scientists is clearly reflected in the efforts to research and find rice varieties with high disease resistance and effective measures to control brown plant hoppers, VL-LXL . Mekong Delta farmers also are looking forward to the results of the scientists' research that are quickly deployed and widely applied in the coming sap crops.

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