Earth is losing dark matter

After much research, scientists have for the first time accurately measured the amount of dark matter that is disappearing on Earth.

Finally, scientists in Russia measured the amount of dark matter lost in the universe since the Big Bang explosion 13.7 billion years ago. They also calculated that about 5% of dark matter could have been damaged.

This discovery has the ability to explain one of the most miraculous things of the physical world. That's why our universe works a little differently from the way it was, in the years after the Big Bang. This also reveals to scientists a bit of information about how the universe continues to operate in the future.

"The inconsistency between cosmological parameters in the modern universe and the universe after a few seconds of the Big Bang, can be explained by the decline of dark matter. For the first time, scientists have It is possible to calculate the amount of dark matter lost. It also indicates what materials that correspond to unstable components will be? " , Igor Tkachev - co-author of the study, Institute of Nuclear Research in Moscow said.

The mysteries surrounding dark matter were first discovered in the 1930s. At that time, celestial physicists and astronauts observed the galaxies moving in a strange way. It seems to be more affected by gravity, and this can be explained by the invisible energy and matter in the universe.

Gravity's gravity must have come from somewhere. So researchers have come up with a new name, "dark matter," to describe strange things that cause phenomena they are witnessing.

Dark matter causes many mysteries in the universe.(Photo: MIPT).

Until now, the theory of constituents of Earth is still accepted. Hypothetically, the universe is made up of 4.9% of ordinary matter - things we can see like galaxies, stars; 26.8% of dark matter; 68.3% of dark energy - the kind of hypothetical energy that exists most in the universe and involves the expansion of the universe.

Although much of the material predicted in the universe is invisible, we know very little about them. In fact, scientists have yet to prove their existence until now.

One of the ways science used to study dark matter is to measure the cosmic background radiation (CMB) , also known as " Big Bang's echo" CMB, the heat radiation generated after the light explosion. so. Researchers can rely on it to learn about the birth of the universe.

But cosmological parameters that regulate how the universe works - like the speed of light, gravity - have a bit of a problem. When measured by CMB, they seem to be slightly different from the parameters that scientists find them to exist in the current universe.

"This contradiction is not the same as the errors in the system we used to know. So science is facing mysterious errors. Maybe the composition of the ancient universe is completely different. Modern universe, " explains Tkachev.

One of the hypotheses that can explain why that difference is to assume "to damage dark matter". This theory suggests that dark matter is gradually disappearing from the universe.

And that's exactly what Tkachev and his colleagues are analyzing. They calculated how many dark matter had disappeared from Earth since the universe was formed.

Dmitry Gorbunov, a researcher at the Nuclear Research Institute, explains: "Imagine dark matter including some components: normal matter (proton, electron, neutron, proton) and other components including seeds are not sure to have a long life.

In the era of hydrogen formation, hundreds of millions of years after the Big Bang, they still exist in the universe, but they are gradually lost. That's why cosmological parameters are so different. "

After the study, the team thought that, somewhere, the universe had lost 2-5% of dark matter after the creation explosion. Dark matter is deteriorating over time, making Earth more and more different from it in the past. Although these studies are still not really certain, it also helps science take a step closer to the natural universe.

"Up until now, we have not been able to talk about the speed of dark matter damage. It can be predicted that they are still gradually decaying, even if it will be an extremely complicated process to do so. learn and learn " , Tkachev concluded.