Mystery of the black hole: Where people divide themselves?

The moment you step into the black hole, it is actually divided into opposite sides. On one side, you will immediately be burned into coal, and on the other side you will fall into a black hole that is completely peaceful.

1. Rare discovery of twin black superholes
2. The galaxy has 3 black holes
3. Does the hypothesis of a black hole exist?

The mystery you didn't know about black holes

What happens when you fall into a black hole?

You may think that you will be crushed or torn to pieces. But the truth is much more odd.

Two opposite facts?

The black hole is where our physical laws are known to be broken . According to Einstein, this is where gravity bends space. So with a dense object, space-time could be so bent that it twisted itself and swirled into a hole.

A giant star that runs out of energy can create a form of tremendous concentration, enough to create such a chipped world. When it was pressed under its own weight and collapsed inside, space-time collapsed. The gravitational field becomes so strong that even light cannot escape and the place where the star's existence became a completely dark place - that is, a black hole.

The outer edge of this hole is the event horizon - at this point the gravitational field is just enough to make the light unreachable. What is inside the boundary will not escape.

The event horizon is where the energy burns.The quantum quantum effect creates hot currents of heat that heat back into the universe. This phenomenon is called Hawking radiation - named after physicist Stephen Hawking. If there is enough time, the black hole will radiate all its material and then dissipate.

As we go deeper into the black hole, space will be further bent until right in the middle of the hole, the space becomes infinitely curved. Space and time are no longer meaningful concepts and the laws of physics that we know - all the rules that need to have the concept of space and time - are no longer true.

What happens here? Nobody know. That is a mystery.

Anne's observation

So what happens if you accidentally fall into one of these abnormalities of the universe? Ask a space companion, which we will call Anne , who is horrified to watch you fall into a black hole while she is still safe outside. Looking from where she looked, everything was starting to become weird.

As you fall more and more toward the event horizon, Anne sees you pulling out and being twisted like she's looking through a giant magnifying glass. And yet, the closer you get to the event horizon, the more likely you are to move in slow-motion movies.

You can't scream for her to hear the sound, because there's no air in that space, but you can try to find a way to blink the light with an iPhone in your hand (there's an appropriate app to do this) to send Give her the content via Morse signal.

However, the words that you beat go to her slowly slow down, the amount of light coming from the phone will slow down: "No problem, no problem, no.".

When you reach the event horizon, Anne sees you standing still like a pause button. You get stuck there, motionless and stretched out on the surface of the event horizon while increasing temperatures start to cover you.

According to Anne, you will gradually disappear before the impact of stretching space, time to stop and the flames of Hawking radiation. Before you enter the dark place inside the black hole, you have turned to ash.

But before preparing for your funeral, let's just forget about Anne and see everything from your perspective. It is much more strange than that, because nothing happens.

You go straight to the most disturbing goal of nature without getting jolted, and of course there is no stretching, slow movement or burns from radiation. Because you were in a state of free fall, not feeling gravity, was the feeling that Einstein called his "happiest" .

After all, the event horizon is not a brick wall in space . An observer outside the black hole cannot see through it but the person who is falling into the black hole does not have that problem - you don't see any horizon.

If it is a small black hole, it will happen to you. The gravitational pull of your legs will be much stronger than the suction at the head. You will stretch out like a pasta.

But this is a big black hole, millions of times larger than the Sun, so the stretching force you get will become so weak that it almost doesn't feel.

Still living as usual

In fact, in a large enough black hole, you can live the rest of your life relatively normal until you die at the space-time singularity .

You will wonder if that experience is really normal, when you get caught up in the interrupted space-time while you don't want to, but can't choose the opposite side?

But thinking about this, we all know that time just moves forward and never goes back and it pulls us to the future, whether we want it or not.

This is not just parallels. Black holes bend space and time to the extent that within the event horizon, space and time are almost swapped.

On the one hand, time is the factor that pulls you towards the singular space-time point . You can't go back and escape that black hole, like you can't get back to go back in time.

In this place, perhaps a question is raised to you: Where is Anne wrong? If you are freezing inside the black hole around which there is only empty space, then why does she assert that you were burnt to the ground due to the heat outside the event horizon? Is she hallucinating?

In fact, Anne was perfectly reasonable. From the place she observed, you were really blackened at the event horizon. It is not an illusion. She can even collect your ashes and send them to your relatives.

In two places at once

As a rule of nature, you have to be outside the black hole Anne saw. That's because quantum physics thinks information is never lost. All the big and small information that makes your existence outside the event horizon, otherwise the laws of physics from Anne's perspective will be broken.

On the other hand, the laws of physics also assume that you cross the event horizon without encountering hot particles or anything unusual. Otherwise you have violated Einstein's general theory of relativity.

Therefore, according to the laws of physics, you must be outside the black hole and turn into moderate ash in the black hole and remain healthy. There is also a third physical rule, which determines that information about you cannot be copied. You have to be in two places at a time, but you are alone.

The laws of physics seem to lead us to an unreasonable conclusion. Physicists call this the black hole information paradox . Fortunately, in the 1990s they found an answer.

Leonard Susskind realizes that there is no paradox because no one has ever seen your copy . Anne only saw one version of you. You only see one version of yourself. You and Anne can never compare what each person sees with each other. Nor is a third party visible both inside and outside the black hole at the same time. Therefore, there is no physical rule broken.

Unless you want you to really know what is right. Are you really dead or are you still alive?

Look through the event horizon

The great secret that black holes reveal to us is that there is no real thing. It depends on who you ask this question with? With Anne or with yourself? End.

In the summer of 2012, physicists Ahmed Almheiri, Donald Marolf, Joe Polchinski and James Sully, known collectively as AMPS , came up with a thought experiment that threatened to reverse everything. We think we know about black holes.

They discovered that Susskind's solution was based on the fact that any disagreement between you and Anne had the role of the event horizon. Nothing is horrible if Anne sees you disintegrate due to Hawking radiation , because the event horizon doesn't let her see your other version floating inside the black hole.

But what if Anne had some way to look to the other side of the event horizon without having to step through it?

According to the theory of relativity, this is not possible, but from a quantum physics point of view everything will be a little more ambiguous. Anne can peek into the other side of the event horizon by applying a trick that Einstein calls "remote spooky action " ("spooky action-at-a-distance").

This happens when two physical systems are separated by space in some mysterious way. They all belong to an intact, unique and indivisible system. This makes the information needed to describe them not found in two separate systems, but in spooky connections between them.

Information connection

The explanation for the AMPS team is: Suppose Anne gets a bit of information near the event horizon and we call that information A.

If Anne is right, that is, if you have been haunted by the Hawking radiation phenomenon outside the black hole, A must connect to another piece of information called B which belongs to the hot heat cloud.

On the other hand, if you are right, that is, you are still alive and healthy on the other side of the event horizon, then A must connect to another piece of information called C, which is located somewhere inside the hole. black.

Each piece of information can only be connected once. This means that A can only connect with B or C and not connect to two pieces of information at the same time.

So if Anne took A piece of information and put it into the connection decoder, this machine would give an answer: either B or C.

If the answer is C then you are right but then the laws of quantum mechanics are violated. If A connects to C which is located deep inside the black hole, the piece of information C will be permanently lost to Anne. This violates the quantum law that says information is never lost.

If Anne's decoder machine gives the result that A connects to B then it means that Anne is correct and then general relativity is violated. If A is connected to B then what Anne sees is true - meaning you are burnt to ashes.

Instead of crossing the event horizon like relativity, you hit a burning forest fire wall.

Here we return to the starting point: what happens if you fall inside the black hole?

No one knows the answer and this problem becomes one of the most controversial issues in basic physics.

Physicists have spent more than a century seeking to reconcile the general theory of relativity with quantum physics theory. They knew that in the end one of the two had to succumb to the other.