10 scientific breakthroughs in 2005

Space shuttle Discovery launches into space

2005 is the year of many special scientific events. The Guardian newspaper (UK) has just released a list of 10 most outstanding scientific breakthroughs in the past year.

Transplanting human chromosomes into mice

Genetics continues to be a hot spot for science in 2005 with the creation of the world's first mouse to carry human chromosomes. Scientist Elizabeth Fisher of the Institute of Neurology and Victor Tybulewicz of the National Institute of Medical Research in London implanted a copy of human chromosome 21 in mice. The new mouse allows them to study which chromosome 21 gene controls the different symptoms of Down syndrome.

Attack on celestial bodies

In July, Americans manipulated the Deep Impact probe to launch an automatic station into the comet Temple 1, creating a hole in it that allowed scientists to first observe within a celestial body. move. Last month, Japan's Hayabusa spacecraft took the first airship to land on an asteroid called Itokawa.

Cosmic simulation on computers

With 25 million megabytes of memory, the millennium simulation program (a collaboration of astrophysicists from England, Germany, the United States and Canada) is the largest scale program that simulates formation. and evolution of the universe. Programming in the preceding conditions, in just a few months this program has in turn recreated the history of the 14 billion years of cosmic formation and offers a way to study why the universe is arranged in its current now on.

Space shuttle returns to space

Over the past year, Nasa has successfully launched space shuttle Discovery into space after the shuttle program space into disruption since the 2003 Columbia disaster.

Recreate the flu strain in 1918

In October, American scientists replicated the flu strain in Spain that caused a global flu pandemic in 1918 that killed 50 million people. Research shows that the 1918 virus strain, which is a pure poultry virus, has become adapted to humans. This conclusion makes many people worried about the possibility that a similar pandemic will occur if the H5N1 avian influenza virus is currently variant.

Huygens probes landed on Saturn's moon

The discovery of Saturn's moon named Titan is a great success for scientists this year. The successful landing of the Huygens probe after a nearly 2 billion-mile journey in seven years helped scientists discover that Titan's surface structure is quite similar to Earth.

Cloning human embryos in the UK

After the studies of Professor Hwang Woo Suk were found to be fake, British scientists in Newcastle became the first to successfully clone human embryos. Using 36 leftover eggs from women infertility treatment, Newcastle scientists created ten cloned embryos. This helps to hopefully extract individual stem cells that are compatible with patients.

Smart evolution theory is banned from teaching in the United States

Intelligent Design theory, a new theory that all things are created by a supernatural being or another high-level creature, has been banned by the US court in Pennsylvania from being included in the curriculum. at this state's Dover School for violating the constitution.

The hottest year ever

Scientists in Southampton have given the first evidence that the Gulf Stream, which provides a mild climate for the UK, is moving slowly; The Arctic ice sheet is now 80% less than the first photographed by NASA in 1978. 2005 was also recorded as the hottest year ever.

Mouse knows how to sing, red lucky

Tim Holy and Zhongsheng Guo of the University of Washington in Missouri (USA) have discovered that when they smell their partner's urine, rats immediately take their voices with song-like melodies.

Meanwhile, British scientists found that players wearing red shirts when playing football had a higher chance of winning.

THANH TRUC