40 amazing, unexpected facts about the sun that you don't know (P1)

You have lived on this planet for a long time, but you probably only know the Sun is the brightest and biggest star, providing sunshine and many nutrients - essential chemicals for life on Earth. Yet there are many things about this star that make you dizzy when you hear it.

1. 7 unexpected facts about the Sun.

1. Astonishingly, the Sun weighs 1,989,100,000,000 billion kilograms, by almost exactly the weight of 330,060 Earth!

2. If the inside of the Sun is completely empty, it can be filled with 960,000 Earth-shaped spheres and 1.3 million Earth-shaped (squeezed).

3. The surface of the Sun is 11,990 times the area of ​​the Earth's surface.

4. Our Sun is just one of the largest 100 billion stars in the galaxy.

5. This must have been heard, previously there were 9 planets included in the Solar System, but Pluto - also known as dwarf planet - was orbiting compared to 8 planets. should be kicked out of the Solar System again.

6. In addition to Pluto, there are 4 more stars that orbit the Sun but are also lost orbit, namely: Ceres, Haumer, Makemake and Eris.

7. The size, shape, brightness, temperature, age and distance of the Sun compared to the Earth are perfect. If only one of these indicators were misleading, even if it was just a small deviation, life on Earth might not have existed.

8. The Sun is formed and has a "life cycle" similar to other stars: it begins with a cloud of gas dust called nebulae . This cloud of dust is very dense, its temperature is about -226 degrees Celsius. Then due to the gravitational force between one particle and the other, the parts of the cloud begin to collide and form clusters called " original star ".

9. During the collision, these "original star" clusters begin to friction generate heat, and they burn brightly to form red. Continue like this until enough heat creates a nuclear reaction inside their core that loses the natural attraction. And so the "original star" clusters are gradually forming a huge star called the Sun now.

10. With more than 4.6 billion years old, the Sun is considered a "middle-aged" golden dwarf - meaning the Sun has "lived" half of his life!

11. When the Sun burns out the hydrogen gas inside, it will turn to burning helium in about 130 million years. During that time, the Sun will become so big that it will swallow Mercury, Venus and Earth. At that time the Sun will be considered " Red Giant".

12. After the "Red Giant" stage , the Sun's outer shell will be ejected (almost degenerated) and its core will slowly shrink. This process is said to be the final stage in the evolution of a star.

13. During this period, the remaining part of the Sun retains its massive mass, but is only approximately equal to the mass of the Earth. At this time, the Sun will be surrounded by clusters of nebulae, and is called a white dwarf.

14. The Sun's gas mass accounts for 99.86% of the total mass of the solar system.

15. The Sun consists of about 75% hydrogen gas and 25% helium gas. Other metals account for only 0.1% of the Sun's gas mass.

16. The sun is surrounded by an intense flow of plasma, called "corona" ( corona ) , which means "crown" . This "corona" halo can reach millions of kilometers in space, and can be easily seen in a total solar eclipse.

17. There is a device similar to a telescope called coronaghaph , with this glass you can easily see near the Sun without glare or damage your eyes. In addition, you can admire other planets, even look at comets.

8. With a distance of 150 million kilometers from the Sun to Earth, light from the Sun takes 8 minutes 20 seconds to reach the Earth's surface!

19. Light rays (including infrared and ultraviolet rays) from the Sun take less than 10 minutes to reach the Earth, but it takes millions of years for these rays to come from the Sun's core. to the surface.

20. The average distance from the Sun to Earth is about 150 million km, but in fact, this distance always has a significant shift. The reason is because the Earth revolves around the Sun forming an ellipse, so the distance can be changed, nearest to 147 and the farthest is 152 million kilometers. The distance is also calculated in astronomical units (AU).

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