5 utopian phenomena can happen under a physical perspective

Many strange phenomena can still happen without going against the laws of modern physics.

Permanent machine

Many great scientists have spent their lives pursuing the idea of ​​a device that can move and do useful things without using external energy, including Leonardo da Vinci, Robert Boyle, and Blaise Pascal, according to New Scientist.

Describe the time crystal.(Photo: iStock).

While the design of the eternal machine has not really satisfied the laws of physics, the "time crystal" of Nobel Prize-winning scientist Frank Wilczek completely meets the requirements of the machine. permanent machine.

"Time crystal" is a kind of material that can be repeated permanently in four-dimensional space-time. They move constantly and never reach thermal equilibrium. Although experiments on this type of material within the laboratory do not bring anything useful, their existence has proven to be a form of permanent movement that is possible.

Transmission machine

Teleportation is an utopian machine, which can be split into small particles in a split second, then gather the particles into yourself on the other side of the Earth. Although this is very bizarre, there is actually no physical law that prohibits it from happening. In 2008, in the book "The physics of the impossible" , physicist Michio Kaku classified teleport into a technology that could become a reality.

Teleports in Star Trek's science fiction movie.(Image: Outer Places).

In fact the teleportation principle has been proved by scientists at the level of subatomic particles using quantum entanglement - a phenomenon that allows information and quantum states to be transmitted near like instant in space.

The first quantum teleportation experiment was carried out in 1997, allowing the quantum state of a light particle to be reconstructed at a distance of several tens of centimeters. Currently, the record of quantum teleport can move particles to a distance of more than 100 km.

Negative temperature

We have to get used to the obvious things when living on Earth. Nothing can be faster than light, cannot be divided by zero, and no object has a temperature lower than zero (Kelvin).

The absolute zero, corresponding to about 273 degrees Celsius, is the temperature at which atoms stop moving. This seems to be reasonable when we cannot have lower temperatures. Recent fact physicists have proven we can't even reach absolute zero. However, in principle, temperature is reflected in the movement and order of matter. When the matter has stopped moving, we can lower their temperature by making them "more orderly" .

In 2013, physicists at Ludwig Maximilian University cooled a set of atoms to nearly zero degrees and arranged them more "tidily" , creating a technically lower temperature. 0 degrees absolute.

Marriage between matter and antimatter

According to the laws of physics, marriage between matter and antimatter is a phenomenon when matter encounters their antimatter, both will be annihilated and produce energy. So either we are fortunate to live in a universe with very little antimatter or if they have too few opportunities to meet.

However, some materials coexist with their antimatter, such as Majorana. These particles are capable of self-destructing under certain conditions. In fact, when an electron is excited in a semiconductor, they leave a positive hole, which is considered antimatter of electrons.

If somehow, we let the electronics reunite with the hole, the same phenomenon as matter meets antimatter, they will dissolve like a Majorana particle.

Invisibility jacket

Many people assume that Harry Portter's invisibility jacket is just a fictional film product of a magical cloth capable of turning everything inside it into transparent. But in fact there is an artificial material capable of doing this, that is metamaterials metamaterials .

Invisibility cloak is likely to become a reality in the future.(Photo: CNN).

The principle behind this miraculous ability of metamaterials is simple. Light waves are bent around the object when they are coated with this metamaterial, making the image of the object not reflect back to your eyes like the phenomenon of water flowing around a gravel in the middle of a river.

Invisibility jackets have been successfully built to "stealth" objects in long wavelengths like radar waves. The "invisibility" of metamaterials is also effective for sound waves, making it possible to be used as shields to bend mechanical vibrations around and protect cities and residential areas. from earthquake.

However, making a real invisibility jacket in the light area seen with large objects like humans is still a big challenge for today's nanomaterial fabrication technology.