Black hole 'burp' out of air bubbles

Like bubble objects in the universe, some black holes also "burp" giant gas balls into its galaxy. A new study found that the bubbles will explode, the amount of gas in the bubble helps keep both the black hole and its galaxy from bulging to a giant size.

The results have been applied to their elliptical galaxies and supermassive black holes. These black holes could reach a billion times the mass of the sun or more. Milky Way Galaxy is a spiral galaxy. While it contains a giant black hole, the researchers argue that it has no "gas" phenomenon.

Air bubbles with black holes

The researchers focused on the supermassive black hole at the center of the M84 elliptical galaxy, located about 55 million light-years from Earth. A light-year is the distance light travels within a year, or the equivalent of 6 million million miles or 10 million million kilometers. The researchers combined the Chandra X-ray observatory data (NASA) and the results from simulating black holes on computers.

They found giant bubbles, or hot plasma cavities (ionized gas) emanating from the black jet's two jet beam peaks. When the object falls into the gravitational region of the black hole, the energy will dissipate as radiation jet along with high-speed elements. They estimate that air bubbles are 13,000 light-years across, being launched from the jet every 10 million light-years.

X-ray images show that, like a Russian doll, each bubble has a smaller bubble inside it and so on . When the bubble outside explodes, the gas inside comes out and reveals another bubble waiting to burst. Such continuous bursting of bubbles provides stable heat for the gas surrounding the stars.

Above is a composite image of X-ray image (green) and radio wave image (red) showing hot air area surrounding the elliptical galaxy M84.Bubbles (some are visible in the hot air) formed by the jet emitted from the galaxy's central black hole.The top bubble (green) is exploding, the relatively hot air area (red) is being dilated.(Photo: NASA / CXC / MPE / A.Finoguenov et al (X-rays) and NSF / NRAO / VLA / ESO / RALaing et al (radio waves), Optical (SDSS))

Researcher Mateusz Ruszkowski and an astronomer at the University of Michigan said: 'We think that the instability occurs on the interface between the air bubble and the surrounding environment. It has stabbed and exploded air bubbles. Hot air inside the bubble erupts, mingling with the surrounding gas'.

Diet on the universe

The heat released acts as a source of food for the central black hole and slows the formation of nearby stars.

Over time, black holes increase in weight due to its gravitational pull that draws air around them. Because cold air is denser, it will sink into the center of the galaxy and head towards the black hole faster. If the gas around the black hole is kept warm, cold air will sink into the black hole at a slower rate.

Ruszkowski said: 'In this way, we can' feed the black hole 'and make it bigger and bigger. If there is no way to prevent the cooling of the capital needed to promote the feeding process, the black hole will grow to an uncontrollable level. '

But he added: 'No one who studies the field may think that this happens again'. New research results are published in detail in the Astrophysical Journal. The article revealed the mechanism of continuous heating of interstellar materials.

There is also a similar mechanism to control star formation, followed by the mass of the galaxy.

Stars are thought to form from a dense cloud of dust and gas gathered by the gravitational force . Gradually this material heats up. That block will become a complete star powered by the fusion process of hydrogen and other light elements in the core.

The cooler the material, the more dust will be affected by gravitational forces and form larger stars.