Classic battles that change the history of the world

Human history has seen many battles not only fierce but also changing the fate of nations and nations in the world. There was a war that opened a hope of freedom and independence, but besides, there existed battles that began for a dark and frightening period .

1. The Marathon battle

Around 500 BC, the Persian Empire became a powerful dynasty in West Asia. Despite holding a huge area of ​​nearly 2 million km2 in Asia, Egypt . but with greedless bottom, the Persian emperor - Darius I proclaimed himself to be the " king of kings" and proceeded to invade. conquer, expand your territory.

Darius I took India, Thracia (now Turkey) in turn, broke up the rebellion in Babylon . On the momentum of victory, the powerful king decided to expand his empire through Greece .

However, Greece at that time was only a collection of many city states, the most powerful of which was Athens and Sparta. The residents here are always self-reliant and patriotic, so there's no way to succumb to Persia. When the emissary of King Darius I came to Greece to ask the people to pay tribute, they were immediately surrounded, taken to behead.

Darius was angry, carrying out the Greek expedition of Theraso but under the unity of the people, the invasion quickly failed. The emperor did not flinch, he put the strength to prepare the army and the draft to "take revenge". Exactly two years later, with more than 72,000 troops, the Persian Empire invaded Athens with only 600 ships and 10 thousand troops with the command of General Datis.

However, Athens made a miracle at the Marathon Valley , 42km from Athens. Greek troops chose Marathon terrain because it has wetlands to minimize the movement of crowded Persian cavalry.

Although the Greeks were few but arranged in formations when attacking when defending, all the soldiers advanced and retreated logically together, different from the large Persian army but lacked discipline and cowardice. shy. Therefore, the Athens army easily repulsed the invaders, killed 6,400 Persian soldiers, but only lost 200 Greek soldiers.

After the Marathon, a series of colonial rebellions against Persia broke out everywhere. Many countries have regained their sovereignty and many nations have escaped slavery. The Persian Empire gradually weakened and abandoned the conspiracy to invade the small country nearby.

2. The fight in Cajamarca

The battle of Cajamarca took place in 1532, the daring and unexpected attack of the Spanish against the Inca Empire . This war begins the bloody invasion of European empires on Native American tribes.

The cause of the war is that of Francisco Pizarro and his 168 entourage who asked the Inca emperor Atahualpa to convert to Christianity. Atahualpa took the Bible and threw it on the floor as a challenge.

A war took place on November 16, 1532, the Spanish army only 168 people but with the modern equipment is guns, cannon fire, broke the army destroyed 8,000 people of the Inca empire.

King Atahualpa was captured alive and offered himself a free ransom for the Spaniards with the amount of gold stuffed into his room. Pizarro agrees to agree but when the Incas meet enough wealth to redeem, the Spanish explorer immediately wishes.

The Spaniards continued to maintain the imprisonment of King Atahualpa as a source of their demands. Finally, when the depletion is also the time for the Spanish to end the life of Atahualpa - in August 1533.

Pizarro formed the city of Lima soon after and it became the center of Peru. His victory paved the way for the invasion of European colonists to a series of kingdoms in the Americas.

3. Battle of Waterloo

In 1814, European countries were too afraid of Napoleon 's ability to hold the army to join forces to overthrow Napoleon Bonaparte. The unbeaten emperor was abdicated and banished to a small island in the Mediterranean.

But the king did not sit still, knowing that the French people still supported him, he secretly escaped from the confinement and returned to the country. Upon receiving the news, the French king then sent troops to arrest him, but all of this army arrived at another army to take Napoleon to finally return under the command of the old emperor.

Too afraid of Napoleon's power will cause the entire European nation to lose sovereignty, the British, Austrian, Russian and Prussian coalition decided to attack the French emperor at Waterloo village.

Napoleon delayed the battle until noon on June 18 to wait for the ground to dry. The army of Wellington-led alliance fought back many waves of French attacks until late evening. Though the army commanded by Napoleon had broken the alliance's line, the Prussian army pulled in, breaking through the right wing of Napoleon's army.

At that time, Wellington's army also counterattacked and caused the French to retreat in confusion. The coalition forces pursued later, entered France and restored the throne to Louis XVIII.

Napoleon was abdicated and exiled to the island of Saint Helena - where he died in 1821. Many argue that, if that day, Wellington's alliance fell to Napoleon, it would be difficult for a country to " fight "to be able to fight against the forces of the French emperor."

This war brought Britain to the superpower position at any time, while helping Europe escape from hegemony, bringing peace, paving the way for the reunification of Germany later.

4. Battle of Stalingrad

The Stalingrad battle began on July 17, 1942, while the Germans were on their way to unbeaten with their tremendous power. Although the Soviet army tried to maintain its defenses, it was divided by German infantry units with overwhelming numbers, occupying 90% of the city.

With a will to fight, the Red Army stood firm, holding 10% of the remaining city until the winter and counter-attacking in November, destroying 841,000 German troops, repelling the invaders from Stalingrad.

This victory is considered a turning point in the political, military and psychological decisions of World War II because this is the first time the invading army of Nazi Germany was defeated in a destructive battle. large, with nearly a quarter of the entire Soviet-German battlefields destroyed.

This victory is even considered one of the most decisive turning points of mankind in the twentieth century, bringing advantages and strengthening the victory belief. From here, the Allied army fell from a position of defeat, shifting to a counter-attack phase, repelling the Fascist forces across the fronts.

5. Battle Tours

Battle Tours (October 10, 732), also known as the Battle of Poitiers is a battle that takes place in a place between the cities of Poitiers and Tours, located north of the center of France, near the village of Moussais-la -Bataille, about 20 km (12 miles) northeast of Poitiers. The location of the battle is near the border between the kingdom of Frank and the principality of Aquitaine.

The battle was a duel between the coalition forces of the Frank and Burgundy under the command of chancellor Charles Martel against an Umayyad dynasty army under the command of Abdul Rahman Al Ghafiqi, the General's governor Al-Andalus region. The Frank won, Abdul Rahman Al Ghafiqi was killed, and then Charles expanded his power to the south.

9th-century historians have explained the outcome of the war as a judgment of God bringing grace to Catholics. The detailed information of the battle, including its location and the specific number of soldiers on both sides, cannot be accurately determined from the remaining records. It is worth noting that the Frank Army won the battle without any cavalry support.

Europeans greatly praised this battle and considered it a turning point in preventing Muslim forces from entering Europe. Most historians also acknowledge that this battle contributed to the formation of the Frank Empire and the domination of Frank in Europe in the next century.