From a new creation

The story of the " horizontal hands " that makes machines for the field is increasingly appearing in the Mekong Delta. Recently, in Can Tho city, there is an additional type of combine harvester machine (GĐLH) born in the middle of the harvest of winter-spring rice, which is scarce for workers, more and more useful things .

Pham Hoang Thang, owner of private enterprise Hoang Thang said: 'I just innovated to improve some parts to suit the current production conditions. Even the machine is only at the manufacturing level. If Chin teacher did not instruct me, I did not know what GĐLH machine was, and there were 9 machines that had just been shipped out and bought the 2006-2007 winter-spring rice crop this season '. Hoang Thang also said PGs. Dr. Duong Van Chin, Deputy Director of the Mekong Delta Rice Institute, came to persuade into the study of fabrication of GĐLH machine, took a tour, attended a number of related meetings, contacted some scientists and houses. produce machines, and suggest some of the original precious ideas.

Up to now, in addition to some Long My farmers (Hau Giang) who have purchased and in Thot Not, the hired rice team of DNTN Hoang Thang reaped the first batch of nearly 300 rice seeds at the farm of the Rice Institute. Mekong Delta. Why is the type of GĐH machine that has not been able to name this "can survive"? The first reason is ' consistent ' with production conditions: Small machines, 1 day can be harvested 1 ha, with 2 ha harvest, easy maneuvering, on one field can simultaneously operate 2-3 machine. During operation, the newly harvested rice is screened and classified as many other machines, but this machine has an additional unit to receive the number of un-clean rice and immediately return to the refining department to meet the standard of seed rice. The loss rate is lower than that of many machines, as assessed by Ks Dinh - technician of Plant Structure Department, Rice Institute of Mekong Delta directly monitoring acceptance, the loss rate is 1%. This ratio, as well as many other upcoming targets will be scientifically determined. In Vietnam, this loss is estimated to be 1.3-1.7% when harvested, 1.2-1.5% when transported; 1.4-1.8% when plucking rice.

Mr. Pham Hoang Thang next to the combine harvester due to
Hoang Thang Plastic Private Enterprise. (Photo: HV)

This price is about 50 million VND / machine, so it is more affordable for farmers. While GDLH machine of the Institute of Agricultural and Electrical Engineering and Post-harvest Industry, of Chinh Nghia Private Enterprise, Nguyen Duc Hoang facility in An Giang, Vinapro . all cost over VND 100 million. Machine imported from China costs 175 million VND. It is very happy that in Can Tho city, there is a machine named Mr. Nam Sanh in the Thot Not area, which is very research and manufacture, has a factory and has some outstanding advantages, costing about 70-80 million dong.

The most important point is that ' people ' are suitable for making agricultural machines . Like Mr. Nam Sanh, the owner of Private Hoang Thang is under the category of ' over-skilled work ' as GsVs Tran Dai Nghia said. When in the fabrication workshop as well as when operating in the field, Hoang Thang was 'with the three' with a few dozen of his workers to adjust the machine as soon as needed. As when Ks was planning to harvest rice fields like OM 4495 and OM 4498, it was difficult to seed, the machine was adjusted to ' god ' immediately.

In terms of efficiency, if renting a GĐLH machine on an area of ​​1 hectare until bagging stage to bring rice to the shore, the farmer must pay 1.2 - 1.3 million VND. If renting manually, the harvest is most expensive, from 600,000 VND to 1,200,000 VND, depending on the time; stage of collecting, transporting and beating rice VND 800,000; If you burn copper according to custom, you have to hire 200,000 VND to heap straw and spread it to the field. Calculated, the total cost ranged from 1.6 to 2.8 million, depending on when easy or difficult to hire public, but the trend is increasingly rare agricultural workers. Thus, the landlord will reduce spending from 400,000 VND to 1.5 million VND. The owner of LGLH except for the cost of 250,000 VND / day also earns 950,000 VND, not depreciated.

The process of reducing rice production workers to the most difficult industry, the mechanization rate is still the lowest, so it takes a lot of unskilled labor at the stage of harvesting. Use only 3-4 people / machine / ha; Reaping labor must hire from 20 to 24 people, so each hectare reduces to 20 rice harvesters.

Currently, the Mekong Delta has about 1,800 new reapers and rigs with 90 GĐLH machines. To mechanize the harvest of 80% of the area of ​​rice and Mekong Delta, it needs 25,000 machines with a capacity of 2 ha / day. The State has paid attention to this issue, such as preferential interest rates on loan for buying harvester, investing in many research and development topics, organizing very useful rounds of GĐH machine selection such as the review in June last year. (2006) at Song Hau Farm. However, just like for many other research / development projects, it seems that only interested in the topic funded by the State capital and fully accepted the procedures, but not paying enough attention to the initiatives of People, by the people themselves make capital, although they have finished products for production.

The number of existing GĐH ​​machines in the Mekong Delta compared to the requirements is too small. In order to promote the small businesses that have produced GĐLH machines, it is necessary to have appropriate forms of cooperation, based on mutual benefits. Thus, it is more convenient to withdraw agricultural labor into new industries.

Professor Nguyen Van Luat