How airplanes provide air to passengers

When the aircraft flies high, the air gradually dilutes, so the aircraft needs a ventilation system to ensure sufficient oxygen supply to passengers at the same pressure as on the ground.

The main air supply of current commercial aircraft comes from the engine . The outside air is sucked in and compressed through several stages to fuel the combustion process that propels the aircraft.

Before reaching the combustion chamber, a small portion of the air is guided back from the air duct. This gas has high pressure and temperature, in addition to providing passengers with the effect of defrosting wings and aircraft parts, according to Lufthansa Technik.

Circulating ventilation system on aircraft.(Photo: Lufthansa Technik).

This "bleed air" airflow will be cooled by the method of exchanging heat to 200 degrees C. Through the valves controlled by the crew, it is directed to the air conditioner to lower it. Next down temperature suitable for passengers.

The cooled air will continue to be led through the mixing chamber, mixed with the air used from the cabin cabin. Finally, these air damper valves return to the aircraft cabin, divided into different areas. The use of recirculating air increases humidity, which also increases comfort for passengers.

Separation of aircraft cabins into areas that allow independent temperature adjustment in different places, such as between common and business ticket areas. These two places have a huge difference in heat from the passengers, due to the more crowded ticketing area.

The adjusted gas temperature heats up or cools by changing the percentage of hot gas components. The crew can check this temperature via ECAM (Electronic Central Aircraft Monitor).

The number of areas depends on the type of aircraft. Airbus A320 has 2 different areas while the A330 / A340 series has 6.

In addition, there is a filtration system capable of removing 99,999% of known viruses and bacteria from the air.