Techniques of raising pure boar

In the past few years, in some provinces in the Southeast such as Binh Phuoc, Tay Ninh, Dong Nai and Ho Chi Minh City, " grow " on landowners raising wild boar, there are still places to raise with hundreds of children; If talking about the number of sporadic farming, some children in the family do not have much. Because the market demand and price have attracted many investors.

I. Breed and breed characteristics

Name: Wild boar is a wild pig breed that is being domesticated in Thailand, Vietnam. Wild boar, usually has two breed groups: the long-faced group and the short-faced group.

(Artwork: Nongnghiep)

Body:

Boar is balanced, agile, flexible, slightly lean, long, straight back, slim belly, long legs, small and sharp nails, long neck, small head, long and pointed snout, small ears and ears, the nose is very strong and strong, the hair is brownish, the hair is black or dark gray, a root of hair has 3 tops, the hair is along the dorsal and the neck is thick, long and harder . The shoulder is usually higher than the buttock, the tail is small , short, just long to the corner. Males have developed canine teeth, females have two rows of breast, each of 5 nipples develops and is prominent.

Growth and reproduction:

Boar usually lays 2 litters each year, each breed is 5-10, 3-5 heads, later litters (piglets) give more (7-10 children). Weight of newborn pig average 0.5-0.9 kg / head. Piglets with melon fur (yellow streaks run along the body on black or brown skin). When piglets are over 3 months old, these streaks are no longer available. The average weight at maturity, males weigh 80- 100 kg, females weigh 50-70 kg .

Boars 7-8 months old, body weight 30-40 kg (with female pigs can breed, boars can give breeding more than 1 -2 months late). Pregnancy as well as home pigs (about 114-115 days). Spawning time (from the first to the last) 1-2 hours. The birth process takes place naturally, without the help or human intervention.

II. Breed selection and breeding

Choose varieties:

Choose the first, deep chest, blooming, vivacious, straight back, compact belly, strong legs, genitals that grow and work well. If there are conditions, it is necessary to select the previous life (line, parents, grandparents .), through oneself (appearance, adaptability, ability to manufacture .) and die later.

Breeding and timing of appropriate mating:

The oestrous cycle of wild boar is 21 days, the estrous period lasts 3-5 days. The time of suitable mating at the end of the 2nd day or the first day of the third day (depending on the breed, age) should be monitored by the pigs. When the pussy changes from a bright pink to a pale pink, there are wrinkles and oily fluids that produce much, the ears are pointing forward, with a reflex stand (mesmerizing) is the most appropriate time for mating.

Ignore 1-2 first estrus, because the body is incomplete, ovulation is low, mating and conception are low. When the female pig shows signs of sensuality, let the boar contact with the female pig. Boars will breed continuously, regardless of the day and night when the female pig will not take it anymore. Can be mixed twice in the early morning and late afternoon (or vice versa). After 21 days, the female pig does not have sex again, maybe the female pig is pregnant.

III. Animal lodging

The barn is very simple, however, it is necessary to master some characteristics and behaviors of wild boars to arrange cages. Should choose high ground and good drainage to feed. The farm should have clean water, not only supply enough water for drinking pigs, but more importantly, it will maintain a rich flora and maintain proper warmth for boar.

The cages are as far away from residential areas and roads as possible. Wild instincts have put them in a very alert state and panicked and ran away when they heard the noise.

We can raise wild pigs in a free-roaming manner in areas with green trees and fences around. The important thing is that the fence system must be very solid. We can surround the B40 net into natural breeding gardens, with solid nails (because of wild boar or burrowing), each farm is 50-100m ² wide (depending on the land capacity), including a large cages of 20- 30m ² feed about 4-5 adult female pigs, they will live and reproduce directly in this area. Boars raised separately, each with a garden, each garden is 40-50m ² wide, including a cages 5-10m ² wide. Cages, roofs with rain, sunshade, over 2.5m high, natural ground, slope 2-3% . ensure airy, clean, cool in summer, warm in season winter, avoid hot sun, rain, rain .

With the initial scale of raising 10 animals (2 males / 8 females), there should be 3 farms. Two orchards breed piglets for breeding, each garden is 50-100m ² large, of which there are 2 cages, each with 20-30m ² . A garden of breeding boars boars 40-50m ² in which there are cages 5-10m ² wide .

IV. Food and diets

Including raw green food (grasses, trees, plant sprouts, tree roots), concentrates (cereal grains, fruits), mineral food supplements such as kitchen ash, clay, lick rock mixture . In fact, wild boars often go to the fields to burn ash and clay to eat .

Fasting rations for common wild boar: 70% are vegetables, tubers, fruits of all kinds (can be produced at the farm), 30% are bran, rice, all kinds of cereals, beer wort, bean sprouts . Feed twice a day (morning and afternoon), an adult hybrid pig consumes about 2-3 kg of all kinds of food.

Food for wild boar, provided by humans may be undernourished, especially protein, minerals and vitamins . so in addition to supplementing protein-rich concentrate, salt, vitamins, it is necessary to supplement Add ice licks for boar licks freely (note to dry, cool place). Mixed rock licks of minerals can be bought or mixed by proportion (salt to eat 100g; 100g of sun-baked iron: copper sun with 50g; brimstone 100g; lime of 1,000g . 3kg of sufficient clay) for pigs Licking freely is only about 20-25 grams / fish / day.

Food of wild boar is mostly plant. Do not abuse nutrient-rich food to raise boar because it will make the meat quality of wild boar be changed and sometimes cause pigs with digestive disorders to cause diarrhea .

Pigs eat less green food and drink less water, but also need clean and cool water for pigs to drink freely. Every day to clean the cages, remove leftovers, wash the troughs, drinking troughs .

V. Foster care

Boar:

It has important implications for herd. Managing and taking good care of 1 male pig can distribute 5-10 female pigs. Boars must be raised separately and have a feeding regime, especially protein-rich, mineral and vitamins. On mating, should supplement nutrient-rich concentrates, 1 -2 chicken eggs, mineral salts, free-feeding vitamins.

Breed pig:

Lucky piggy and cleverly raising children (very good raising children). In nature, when the mother gives birth, she takes care of herself and nurtures her children and separates herself when she is older.

Boars breed naturally throughout the year. The gestation period is 3 months, 3 weeks, 3 days (114 -115 days).

For pregnant sows, the first 2 months of pregnancy feed on normal diets of vegetables, tubers, and cereals of all kinds . can add mixed concentrates, 15g of salt, 20g of minerals each day. After 2 months to give birth, it is necessary to add nutrient-rich essential foods, especially protein, minerals, vitamins . The day of pig's birth can be fed with thin porridge, less salt, less vegetables to prevent Milk sauce.

For sows that raise children, diets must ensure the quantity, quality and types . When piglets are 1.5-2 months old, they can eat human-supplied food for their mothers. Eat a normal diet. It is not advisable to breed for estrus pigs during the raising period, because it is difficult to conceive or conceive but the number and quality of piglets born are not satisfactory.

Piglet:

Piglets do not need to give birth, cut the navel, only about 30 minutes to 1 hour piglets can stand up to breastfeed. 15 - 20 days running and starting to practice eating grass and plants: 1.5-2 month old piglets are sturdy, eating human-supplied food weaning, separating the flock for breeding.

Newborn pigs can reach 300-500 grams / child, 1 month of age 3-5 kg, 2 months of age 8-10 kg, 6 months of age 25-30 kg, 12 months of age can reach 60-70% of weight growth city. With normal breeding and nutrition, after 6 months, piglets can reach weight of 25-30 kg and sell meat. In order for piglets to grow and develop well, it is necessary to create conditions for suckling pig The earlier the head, the better the port, at least 1-2 hours after birth. Every day, piglets should be mobilized and in close contact with humans.

VI. Veterinary work

Wild boar is a newly domesticated wild animal, so its resistance is high and disease is low. However, wild boars also often suffer from a number of diseases such as cholera, diarrhea, pasteurellosis, foot and mouth disease, trematodes, scabies and some other common diseases .

Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (such as bloating, flatulence, abdominal pain, diarrhea, food poisoning .): When boars get some gastrointestinal diseases, they can use medicines to treat abdominal pain and swelling belly, flatulence, dyspepsia for drinking or injecting or maybe using 5-10 kg of wild coconut vegetables for pigs to eat or can supplement food, bitter drinks, acrid like green guava, carrots, areca root, coconut roots . can also be removed. To prevent disease, food must be hygienic, nutritious and should not use stinking, moldy foods .

Mechanical injuries : Small injuries wash and disinfect antiseptics, major injuries are washed, antiseptic before and after sewing, synthetic antibiotics such as Ampicyline, Tetracyline or (Peniciline + Streptomycine) . Boar skin is able to regenerate quickly so it heals.

Pneumonia : Pigs with pneumonia often have high fever, anorexia, and stop eating. Treatment with synthetic antibiotics.

Constipation : Can give laxatives or laxative foods .

Intestinal parasites : Pigs infected with intestinal parasites are often stunted, slow growing, in the feces with worm larvae. It is necessary to pay profit for pigs.

Skin parasites : ticks, mites, scabies, flies and mosquitoes . cling to the skin to suck blood and spread disease rarely. Due to wild nature, wild boars are not afraid of mosquitoes or other insects. However, when pigs have parasitic disease, we can use antiseptic to apply or spray it all works well. In order to prevent skin parasites, we should periodically clean disinfection facilities and clean surroundings.

Value and market :

This breed has advantages: Delicious meat is very characteristic, thin and crunchy skin, lots of lean, low in fat, low in cholesterol, consumers are so popular that they sell at high prices . low feed consumption, short culture time, easy farming, good reproduction, high survival rate and low disease .