The cosmic ghost was born after a black hole exploded

The Chandra X-ray Observatory (NASA) recently discovered a cosmic ghost lurking around a supermassive black hole in the distance. This is the first time to discover such a high-energy 'ghost', scientists think it is evidence of a strong outbreak of a black hole.

This discovery gives astronomers a valuable opportunity to observe the phenomenon that happened when the universe was very young. The X-ray ghost, given its name by a diffuse X-ray source, still exists after the radiation from the explosion is lost, in Chandra's observation field, and the photo becomes one of the deepest X-ray photos ever taken. The X aka HDF 130 is 10 billion light-years away, and exists about 3 billion years after Big Bang when galaxies and black holes begin to form at a rapid rate.

Andy Fabian of Cambridge University in the United Kingdom said: 'We have observed this blurry object a few years ago but only recently realized that we are seeing a ghost. It does not exist there to scare us, it is telling us something. In this case it embodies what happened in this galaxy billions of years ago. '

Fabian and colleagues thought that the X-ray stream from HDF 130 was evidence of a powerful explosion event from a central black hole in the form of high-energy beams moving at the maximum speed equivalent to velocity. the light. As the event progresses, it produces enormous amounts of radio waves and X-radiation, but after several million years, the radio signal fades because the electrons radiate its energy.

However, very few high-energy electrons can still produce X-rays by interacting with the spread of marine photons remaining behind the Big Bang - known as cosmic background radiation. The collision between these electrons and the background photon can transfer enough energy to photons to motivate them to become X-ray energy bands. This process forms a spreading X-ray source that lasts for another 30 million years or more than that.

Co-author Scott Chapman, also of Cambridge University, said: 'The cosmic ghost tells us about a black hole explosion even when it is dead. This means that we do not need to find black holes to witness firsthand its tremendous impact. '

The image incorporates the X-ray data of the Chandra Observatory (green) and radio waves (red) as one of the largest X-ray images ever achieved.Optical images made by Sloan Digital Sky Survey are in white, yellow and orange.The diffuse green object near the center is said to be a 'cosmic ghost' due to the outbreak of a giant black hole in the distant galaxy.This X-ray ghost exists for a long time after radio waves from the source have been lost, giving astronomers an opportunity to study the phenomenon that occurred in the early universe.(Photo: X-ray: NASA / CXC / IoA / A. Fabian et al .; Optical: SDSS; Radio: STFC / JBO / MERLIN)

This is the first X-ray ghost to be observed after radio rays from the black hole have faded. Astronomers have observed the phenomenon of strong X-ray emission with the same source, but from galaxies with a large amount of radio emission, this suggests there exists an outbreak. continuity. In HDF 130, only one source was discovered in the radio image, coinciding with a giant elliptical galaxy discovered in the optical image.This radio source indicates that there is a growing supermassive black hole.

Caitlin Casey of Cambridge University said: 'These results suggest that the X-ray sky may be the hideout of such ghosts. Especially when the outbreak of black holes also occurs regularly during the early period of the universe '.

The energy in the black hole explosion phenomenon is significant, equivalent to about 1 billion supernovae. This energy is thrown into the surrounding areas and travels in the form of heat and gas.

Fabian said: 'Even if the ghost disappears, most of the energy of the black hole remains. Because they are so powerful, these explosive events still have a strong impact lasting billions of years. '

The details of the discovery of the HDF 130 have ensured its true nature. For example, in the X-ray image, HDF 130 is shaped like a cigar spreading to about 2.2 million light-years. The long shape of the X-ray source completely matches the radio beam shape and not of some galaxy cluster because the X-ray source of the galaxy cluster is thought to be round. The energy distribution of X-rays is also consistent with our understanding of the X-ray ghost.

The findings are published in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. NASA's Marshall Aerospace Center at Huntsvilla, Ala., Is in charge of the Candra program for NASA's Washington Science Mission Steering Committee. The Smithosonian Astrophysical Observatory is in charge of operating Chandra's flights and science in Cambridge, Mass.