Unexpected surprises about Earth

Earth - our 'green house' always contains a lot of strange and interesting stories that not everyone can know.

Here are 50 of such things.

1. The third planet

Our common home, Earth, is the third planet from the Sun and the only place in the universe (until this point) there is an atmosphere filled with free oxygen, there are oceans vast waves of water and above all there is life.

2. The sphere is compressed

It is not a perfect sphere. When the Earth turns, the impact of gravity and centrifugal force makes it bulge in the middle, creating a pumpkin-like figure. Currently, more and more ice melting causes the equatorial rim to expand.

3. Earth's 'Waistline'

'Mother Earth' has a fairly large 'waistline' size. Calculated from the equator, its circumference is 40,075km.

4. Speed ​​shift

You may be standing still, but in fact you are still moving with the Earth without knowing. Slow speed depends on where you stand. People in the area near the equator move the fastest, while all the Arctic and Antarctic creatures do not. (Imagine the image of a basketball spinning on your finger, any point in the ball's equator will certainly move more than the two heads on the straight axis, this phenomenon is almost like that.) ).

5. Turn around the Sun.

The Earth in addition to moving itself around the axis also moves around the Sun at about 107,826 km / h.

6. Age of the Earth

The meteorite and the Earth formed at the same time so based on the age of the oldest rocks and meteorites ever discovered, the scientists identified Earth about 4.54 billion years old.

7. Ever been 'recycled'

Every day you walk on the ground that may not know that it has been 'reused'. The layers of rock on Earth change periodically: flint into sedimentary rocks, then metamorphic rocks and then return to the original.

8. Seismic attacks below the Moon's surface

Earthquakes occur throughout the Moon's surface, though less common and less serious than on Earth. According to the US Geological Survey (USGS), they seem to be related to tidal pressure associated with an unstable distance between the Earth and the Moon. Earthquakes on the Moon also tend to occur at great depths, roughly between the Moon's surface and its center.

9. The strongest earthquake

The world's largest earthquake in Chile on May 22, 1960 has a magnitude of 9.5, according to USGS.

10. The hottest place

El Azizia in Libya achieved a record temperature of 57.8 degrees Celsius on September 13, 1922.

11. The coldest place

Not surprisingly, this 'prize' belongs to Antarctica. Here, winter temperatures can drop to -73 degrees Celsius. And the lowest temperature ever measured on Earth is -89 degrees Celsius at Russia's Vostok Station in Antarctica on July 21, 1983. .

12. Where there is the largest amount of fresh water

Antarctic ice sheets contain about 70% of Earth's fresh water.

13. Stalagmites

Stalagmite is a form of cave sediment that grows from limestone cave grounds, with small, bamboo-shaped cones and cones. The world's largest 67.2m stone shoots are located in the cave of Infierno San Cuevo Martin, Cuba.

14. Earth's gravity is not uniform

Because the Earth is not a perfect sphere, its mass is not evenly distributed at every point. And this also means that gravity in different areas will not be the same.

15. The pole from the Earth is moving gradually

Iron is the main element in the Earth's core. Because of the heat from the core, the metal will flow to the surface of the nucleus, cool down and sink back down. At the same time it flows along a spiral path rotated by the Earth. The movement of iron capable of conducting electricity will cause an electric source to appear. And when a current flows, the magnetic field will appear. Since the beginning of the 19th century, the north pole has moved north more than 1,100km. This number is increasing, from 16km per year in the 20th century to 64km at the present time.

16. The highest mountain

At 8,848 meters above sea level and in the Himalayas, Everest is not only the tallest mountain in Asia but also known as the 'roof of the world' .

17. The phenomenon of reversing polarity

In the past 20 million years, our planet has been experiencing an extreme phenomenon of about 200,000 to 300,000 years. The reverse polarity time lasts hundreds or even thousands of years.

18. Earth has 2 Moon?

The Earth used to have 2 large 1 small 1 moons orbiting around. After several tens of millions of years, the small moon (about 1,200 km wide) becomes unstable and crashes into the big moon.

19. Always have another moon

In the December 20, 2011 report, scientists said they have discovered a mysterious small meteorite that has circled the Earth for many years. However, it is not an unusual case. These meteorites still come and go on a regular basis, our Earth always has a transient sub-moon.

20. The place has rocks

In Death Valley (California, USA) there are rocks weighing hundreds of kilograms that can move on their own. According to NASA, the dry lake in Death Valley is quite wet and cold so it can form ice, enabling them to move easily.

21. The first person to conquer 'the roof of the world'

On May 8, 1978, two climbers Reinhold Messner and Habeler Peter became the first to reach Mount Everest without the help of oxygen tanks.

Known as the Mountain of the Ocean, this underwater mountain range stretches about 65,000km.

23. The largest living structure on Earth

Appearing in the less nutritious tropical waters, coral reefs contribute to a special biodiversity system. Made up of very small tubular unicellular organisms, but when these organisms stand side by side, they create the largest living structure on Earth, even visible from space.

24. The deepest place

The deepest place in the world is in the Mariana Trench on the Pacific Northwest coast. The deepest point is 10,916 meters below sea level, discovered on June 1, 2009.

25. The lowest mainland

It is the Dead Sea, the area between Jordan, Israel and the West Bank with a depth of 423 meters above sea level.

26. The killer lake

In Cameroon and the border region of Rwanda with the Democratic Republic of Congo there are three deadly lakes: Nyos, Monoun and Kivu. They are all volcanic lakes, formed during the cooling of volcanoes and by the accumulation of rainwater. The magma rock beneath the surface releases carbon dioxide into the lakes. The poison gas escapes into the atmosphere that has led to the death of many people in the region.

27. Water is disappearing?

When the climate is changed, melting glaciers make sea levels rise. Each glacier contributes 10% of the world's water. However, this caused the Canadian Arctic region to lose mass equivalent to 75% of Lake Erie water from 2004 and 2009.

28. Glaciers are melting

Human activities such as the nuclear experiment in the 1950s released a small amount of radioactivity into the atmosphere. These radioactive atoms will mix into soil particles and dust particles. But some are stuck in glaciers. Many glaciers are melting too fast and risk disappearing for half a century.

29. The Earth used to be purple

The life on Earth was once covered by a purple, not green, as it is today. Ancient bacteria may have used a molecule other than chlorophyll to exploit sunlight, and this substance gives purple-colored organisms.

30. 'Terrible' electric currents

Thunderstorms are phenomena of discharge in nature. A lightning bolt can reach 30,000 ° C.

31. The earth is enclosed in the sea

The oceans cover 70% of the Earth's surface. People have only discovered about 5%, meaning that up to 95% of the vast seas on the planet have never been seen.

32. Abundant resources

Located in the vast seas is about 20 million tons of gold. They can be mixed into seawater or clinging to rocks on the seabed. Thus, the average person on this planet can own more than 4kg of gold.

33. Cosmic dust

Each year, hundreds and even thousands of small materials scattered in the space between bodies (mostly in the form of dust) drift down to the surface of the Earth.

34. Distance from the Sun.

The earth is about 150,000,000 kilometers from the sun. At this distance, the sun takes 8 minutes 19 seconds to reach our planet.

35. Moon origin

Many scientists believe that the Moon is the result of a collision between a Mars-sized object and the original Earth. Fragments gather together to form the Moon.

36. Supercontinent

Earth's continents are thought to have collided with each other, forming a supercontinent and breaking up several times in Earth's 4.5 billion-year history. The most recent supercontinent, Pangea, began separating about 200 million years ago.

37. How did the Himalayas form?

The Himalayas extends 2,900km along the Indian and Tibetan borders. This vast mountain range began to form around 40 to 50 million years ago, due to the movement and impact of rock layers, creating jagged peaks.

38. The volcano erupts the most

Volcano Stromboli off the southern coast of southern Italy erupted almost continuously for more than 2,000 years, according to the US Geological Survey. Nicknamed 'The Lighthouse of the Mediterranean' was born.

39. The most terrible volcanic eruption

Tambora is a volcano on Sumbawa Island, Indonesia. This volcano once erupted in 1815. It was the most powerful volcanic eruption in modern history. Hot lava rivers from the mountain mouth are about 4,000m high, killing about 71,000 people.

40. The most crowded coast

The coast accounts for about 20% of the US area (not including Alaska Bay), and is home to more than 50% of the US population.

41. The largest ocean

The Pacific Ocean is Earth's largest ocean, covering an area of ​​155 million square kilometers, more than twice the Atlantic Ocean.

42. Giant tree

General Sherman (California, USA) is the largest tree alive on the planet. The tree is about 83.6 meters tall, only the trunk itself contains 1487 cubic meters of wood.

43. Giant individual

Armillaria is a giant mushroom body spread on nearly 10 km ^{2 of} forest in Oregon (USA), equivalent to about 1,600 football fields. It can be said that it is the largest size ever.

44. The world's smallest mammal

Kitti's pig nose bat is found in Southeast Asia, their bodies are only about 29-33mm long and weigh about 2 grams.

45. The most crowded city

Manila (Philippines) is considered the most cramped city in the world. According to the 2007 census, with an area of ​​38.55 km ² , there were 1,660,714 people living with a density of about 43,079 people / km ² .

46. ​​The most open country

If you're someone who doesn't like the noise, Greenland is an ideal destination. This self-governing country of the Kingdom of Denmark boasts the lowest population density on earth. In 2010, 56,534 people lived in a large area of ​​2,166,086 km ² . Most of Greenland settlements are concentrated on the coast, however, because this low population density is somewhat misleading.

47. The driest area

Atacama Desert is located in northern Chile and a small part of southern Peru. This is considered the driest place on earth. In some areas in the desert, rain never appeared.

48. The first one to Antarctica

Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen is considered to be the first to set foot in Antarctica. He and four companions used dogs to pull sleds. This is considered an important factor to bring success to them.

49. Other planets like Earth

Space scientists have found evidence to prove the existence of some Earth-like planets orbiting distant stars. Kepler-22b is one of the planets with a climate that supports life.

50. Strip of light dancing in the sky

Aurora occurs when charged particles from the sun rush into the earth's atmosphere. During migration, charged particles crash into oxygen and nitrogen atoms, causing their energy levels to increase. As a result, oxygen and oxygen atoms emit a range of colorful light.

Often the bands of light that appear in the southern hemisphere (also known as the aurora south) appear less often than the northern aurora, when bands of light appear on the northern hemisphere.