Von Braun - Space program

General Eisenhower

From April 1945, General Eisenhower was ordered to collect, control and preserve all papers, records and plans related to industry and science and other documents of German organizations serving the section. military targets. In May of that year, the order was extended to the German scientists, engineers and rocket technicians. Due to this Paperclip campaign, German scientists' records have been considered and chosen to be used to move German scientists to the United States.

When he heard the American company approached, Von Braun negotiated. After a few days, Von Braun and 125 employees under the plane boarded a plane to the United States. German scientists were taken to Fort Strong, Massachusetts in September 20, 1945, and secretly taken to Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland. By May 1948, the number of German and American missiles brought to the United States amounted to 1,136. They work under contracts with the Army, Navy, Air Force and Trade ministries. Most of these scientists later became US citizens, including Von Braun (1955) and Dornberger.

Redstone rocket

Von Braun's first job in the United States was to select and reconcile the scientific documents collected from Germany, then he was taken to White Sands, near El Paso in Texas. At this Mexican border, Von Braun saw all the factories and observatories as in Peenemunde before, but he could not help but feel discouraged because the US government did not pay attention to the exploration program. space by rocket. The V-2 flying bombs were improved over before, but the instrument could not fly very high and was only used for meteorological studies.

By 1947, von Braun was allowed to return to Bavière for a short time. At this place, he married an 18-year-old cousin named Marie Louise Von Quistorp. To prevent him from being kidnapped by the Soviet Union, detectives always watched him, even during the honeymoon period.

The Korean War happened. In 1950, German scholars were taken to Huntsville, Alabama, and ordered to manufacture the Army with a range of missiles that had long range and could carry atomic warheads. Von Braun becomes Technical Director of the US Army's missile weapon program (the US Army ballistic-weapon program)

Von Braun is married to Marie Louise Von Quistorp

In 1953, the Redstone rocket of Von Braun launched in Cape Canaveral caused many people to hope that the space exploration program could be done. In the summer of 1954, Von Braun and a group of technicians went to Washington to suggest launching a satellite space weighing between 2 and 3kg. But the Naval Research Center has pledged to launch a satellite containing the device recorded on Earth's orbit using only 88,000 dollars. It was decided to give the Navy Department because the Vanguard program is more theoretically beautiful, and the satellite will be launched into space in the Year of the Physical Physics (1957-1958).

Von Braun and his team of experts are actually champions in terms of missiles, but they are only allowed to make rockets with medium range. In September 1956, Jupiter-C missiles flew 5,300 km, meaning that they were overtaken by all US automatic missiles. Von Braun hopes to use this Jupiter-C rocket to launch satellites. He waited.

Suddenly on August 4, 1957, the Soviet Union successfully launched into Spoutnik satellite space, making the world panic. Von Braun knows that the time is up. He went to Washington, DC and asked for permission to launch a satellite into orbit for 60 days. The launch of the Navy Vanguard satellite failed pain. Now it's Von Braun's turn. On January 31, 1958 at Cape Canaveral, a four-storey Jupiter-C rocket was placed in the orbit of the " Earth Explorer I" satellite (Explorer I) weighing 14kg. Another type of Von Braun rocket named Redstone brought Alan B. Shepard, Jr., the first American astronaut to Earth's orbit in 1961 .

Jupiter-C

In 1958, the US Congress passed a law allowing the establishment of a new federal agency called the Aeronautics and Space Administration (the National Aeronautics and Space Administration). The agency's mission is to study the techniques of flying in and out of the atmosphere of the earth, creating, testing and operating spaceships in space, exploring the universe by airless and spacecraft. driver, collaborate with other countries in many projects to use space for peace. Among the first characters to be appointed to the NASA Agency were Von Braun, a leading rocket specialist, serving as the space center director George C. Marshall (the George C. Marshall Space Flight Center) at Huntsville, Alabama.

In the following years, Von Braun assisted in three airborne programs, Mercury, Gemini and Apollo, to land on the Moon. Thanks to Von Braun, the giant Saturn V rocket was built. This is a three-story rocket, nearly 110 meters high (more than 360 feet), weighing about 3,000 tons. When launched, the propulsion of this rocket is 7,500,000 pounds, burning more than 10 tons of fuel per minute. In 1969, Saturn V rocket launched astronauts to the Moon. The technical success of the Saturn type missiles has been the record of that era.

Toftoy & Von Braun

The race for space exploration between the United States and the Soviet Union made the Interplanetary Aviation industry exceed. People have had hope from now on to their cramped earth in search of strange worlds.

In 1975, Mr. Von Braun organized the National Space Institute. This is a private agency, aimed at understanding and disseminating spatial scientific activities with the support of the masses. Due to space technical contributions, Mr. Von Braun received many awards and awards . Mr. Von Braun died on June 16, 1977 in Alexandria, Virginia.

Von Braun was convinced that only in a recent time, humans could reach Mars, the planet, but at the time of his youth, his mother often showed him through telescopes on clear nights. Von Braun believes in the order of the Universe and believes that people will reach worlds that are far away but equally beautiful and mysterious.

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