Learn about the dwarf planet Eris

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136199 Eris (formerly known as 2003 UB313) is the second largest dwarf planet in the solar system after Pluto and is the 11th planet to orbit the Sun (calculated by distance, excluding Kuiper belt and faces Moon).

First, Eris was identified as a celestial object outside the Neptune, which California astronomers at the observatory on top of Palomar described as "significantly larger" than Pluto. This object was discovered by NASA's discoverers, NASA and some mass media, but it is unclear whether it will be widely accepted as a new planet. It has at least one satellite, which will allow investigators to measure the volume of this system.

Eris (middle) and Dysnomia (left Eris), taken by Hubble Telescope.

The official name of this celestial body is not yet available, although the discoverers have suggested the name can be given to the International Astronomical Society (IAU), which considers celestial conventions. valve. The statement stated that 2003 UB313 was named "Xena" or "Lila" is incorrect; both names were used intimately by the developers but none of them were submitted to IAU. The deferred rule for naming 2003 UB313 depends on whether decisions should be made to define whether the term 'planet' is formal or not, and how the status of this celestial body is defined. .

The name Eris is named after the conflicting god of Greek mythology who caused the war into Troia.

Recent observations (2011) by the La Silla observatory at ESO thanks to Eris's obscurity when it covers a star to estimate its diameter is 2326 km with an error of 12 km. The first observations showed that methane freezes on the surface of this object. This shows that 2003 UB313 is more similar to Pluto than other small planets discovered earlier on the outer edge of the solar system.

Subsequent observations in October 2005 found that the object had a satellite, S / 2005 (2003 UB313) 1, with an intimate name "Gabrielle" . Scientists plan to use this information to determine the volume of 2003 UB313.

Classify

Intermittent photos showing the movements of 2003 UB313 between stars.

2003 UB313 is classified as SDO , a TNO object which is believed to have been "sprayed" from the Kuiper belt into space further and has an unusual orbital due to attractive interactions with Hai Vuong Tinh when Solar system formed. Although its large orbital inclination is unusual among the known SDOs, theoretical models suggest that celestial bodies that lie near the inner corner of the Kuiper belt are thrown into orbit with The inclination is higher than the bodies outside the perimeter. Celestial bodies within the belt are generally heavier than outer bodies, and so astronomers estimate that many large objects like 2003 UB313 can be detected in orbit Large tilt.

Since 2003 UB313 appears to be even bigger than Pluto, it can be considered the tenth planet of the solar system, and it has been described by NASA and the mass media in communication. news about its discovery. However, it has not yet been officially called, because even Pluto's status as a planet is the subject of controversy. Some astronomers believe that a large number of undiscovered TNOs are bigger than Pluto. Sorting all of them as planets is considered difficult.

Trajectory

Location of 2003 UB313 on July 29, 2005.

2003 UB313 has an orbital cycle of 557 years, and is currently located almost at its maximum distance to the Sun (a far-sighted point). Currently it is the most distant celestial object of the solar system with a distance of 97 AU to the Sun, although there are about 40 known TNOs (most famous are 2000 OO67 and Sedna), which are currently close to the Face Heaven over 2003 UB313 has its larger average orbital distance.

Size

Observations of the Spitzer space telescope could provide an upper limit in the size of 2003 UB313. The first observation failed to detect the new celestial body, the result it initially announced indicated the upper limit was about 3,500km, but was later discovered to be due to technical errors, so Its estimated upper limit of about 5,000km has not yet been abandoned. New observations took place on August 23 and August 25, 2005 and are currently being analyzed.

Surface

The search team followed their initial determination of 2003 UB313 with spectroscopic observations made on the 8-meter Gemini Telescope in Hawaii on January 25, 2005. Infrared light from celestial bodies shows the presence of methane ice, indicating that the surface of 2003 UB313 is similar to that of Pluto, the only TNO known to date is methane. The Neptune Triton's satellite is probably related to the Kuiper belt bodies, and also has methane on its surface.

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