Pile prehistoric houses around the Alps - Austria's world cultural heritage

The Unesco Scientific, Educational and Cultural Organization has recognized prehistoric Pile Housing around Austria's Alpes Mountains (along with Italy, France, Switzerland, Germany, and Slovania) as Cultural Heritage globalization in 2011.

Prehistoric Pile housing heritage includes a total of 111 archaeological sites of 30 literary groups out of 937 locations in 6 different countries around the Alps that Unesco has included in the list of world heritage sites. in 2011.

Pile prehistoric houses around the Alps

Pile prehistoric houses are the names of prehistoric residential quarters built from the years 5000 - 500 BC, from the Stone Age to the Bronze Age.

Location for construction of these houses is mainly near lakes, rivers, riverside land or wetlands. These buildings are mostly built of wood. It can be said that this legacy is a very important testament to a prehistoric society in which prehistoric residents were breeding, cultivation, metallurgy . for more than 4 millennia of the early period. of modern society.

Some Pile house locations are left now.

The wooden structures built in this area are an especially important source for archaeologists in the process of understanding the construction techniques of prehistoric residents. Besides, the space and construction location of these houses also help archaeologists and scientists answer questions about the development of human living space for a long time.

The relics, relics found in this area also revealed to scientists how the residents thousands of years ago exploited gold mines, quarries and how to transport them. The artifacts and evidence have helped scientists determine the periodic transport, first the dugout boat then the wooden wheeled vehicle. Around 3000 BC, two-wheeled cars with relatively complete axle systems appeared. Not only that, scientists also found here the evidence that the place appeared to weave fabrics from natural materials such as bark, leaves . it can be said that this is the place where work First textile in Europe.

Excavation and survey of prehistoric Pile home sites with some artifacts obtained from excavations.

The relics and artifacts have been preserved for many years and many research surveys have also shown that the area around this Alpes range has 30 different cultural groups present. This also indicates that the lives of prehistoric residents many millennia ago in the Alps are quite developed. The cause is probably due to natural resources as well as abundant mineral resources to provide settlement and living.

Currently, 111 sites of this Heritage site are still relatively full. However, due to the long time spent with the impact of nature and the environment . many locations have also been damaged. Others are currently threatened by the use of lakes, surrounding land areas for cultivation, and human breeding. Besides, some submerged places are also rotting over time, some other locations are threatened by termites. The protection and management of prehistoric Pile Housing Heritage around the Alpes Mountains is not easy because firstly this estate is in an area that is too large. Second This heritage belongs to 6 countries including Italy, France, Switzerland, Germany, Slovania and Austria, each with a different regulation and Law on Heritage Protection. In order to avoid unnecessary controversy, a group of coordinators of member countries was formed to jointly manage this Heritage. Management is based on a commitment made and signed by all 6 member states.

Many Pile house locations were damaged, leaving only the base and the submerged pillars.Preserving and preserving these locations is extremely difficult and takes a lot of effort and money.

Pile prehistoric houses around the Alps are recognized by Unesco under criteria (iv) and (v).

Criterion (iv): This heritage is an important source of archeology in the study of social life, especially the agricultural life in Europe between 5,000 and 500 BC.

Criterion (v): Heritage Pile prehistoric houses provided artifacts, detailed evidence on how to build houses, common landscapes as well as ways to develop facilities for residents' lives. history in Europe between 5,000 and 500 BC. The Pile system also gives researchers new insights into how to handle housing construction materials that are likely to be impacted by the environment and time. Since then, it is applied to new technology to serve materials for climate change period.