The universe contains more calcium than we thought

The universe contains 1.5 times more canxin than previous calculations. This conclusion was made by astronomers at the Dutch SRON space research institute after they used the European space agency XMM-Newton observatory.

This research will help scientists take a new look at the history of the physical formation of the universe in which supernova explosions play an important role.

The iron atoms are in our blood, the less oxygen we have, the calcium atoms in our bones, the silicon atoms in the sand, all the other atoms in our bodies are created in a flash Final paralysis of giant stars when they explode . These explosions are called supernova star explosions and they will push these

The photo was taken by XMM-Newton observatory of the European space agency.The image shows a picture of the galaxy group Abell 1689. Hot air in this celestial group helped astronomers understand more about supernova explosions.(Photo: Jelle de Plaa (SRON)).

New chemical elements form into the universe where they will become the basic material for the formation of a star, planet and even life. However, the question of how these elements are formed and how they are dispersed in the universe has yet to be answered.

According to Jelle de Plaa, space researcher at SRON, the answer to these problems lies in distant galaxies groups in the universe. He said: 'In many ways, galaxy groups are big cities in the universe. They contain hundreds of galaxies and each galaxy contains thousands of millions of stars. The galaxies are surrounded by a giant cloud of heat like a fog. Due to the large size and quantity, galactic groups account for a large proportion of the total amount of matter in the universe. Over thousands of millions of years, supernova explosions have added to the gas near it heavy elements such as oxygen, silicon and iron. '

Using XMM-Newton observatory, De Plaa has identified a large number of oxygen, neon, silicon, sulfur, argon, calcium, iron and nickel elements present in 22 galactic groups. He saw the "pollution" created by 100 million million supernova explosions. When compared to the hypothetical models of supernovae, he found that the amount of calcium elements he measured was 1.5 times higher than the theoretical calculations of XMM-Newton.

Dance dead

De Plaa and his colleagues also discovered that many supernova explosions in many galaxies are the result of the two stars' dead dance as they spin around each other. The white dwarf will absorb all the material of its companion. This material will form a coating on the surface of the white dwarf. When it reaches a certain mass of matter, the white dwarf's core will not be able to support the weight of the material around it and will then produce a supernova explosion.

De Plaa explained that 'about half of supernova stars have occurred in many galaxy groups that occur in this way. And this rate is 15% higher than our current level. '

These research results are invaluable for scientists who have created models of supernova star explosions. De Plaa said: 'Until now, experts on supernova explosion explosions still have to guess how exactly the supernova explosions have occurred.' He further explained 'because we calculated based on what is left of 100,000 million supernova explosions at the same time, so we get more accurate results than all calculations. before. And this will help researchers of supernova explosions better understand how white 'stars' die.

The Kiet