Geniuses of the 21st century (last part)

If the British physicist David Deutsch makes sense, the meeting between any two people will take place infinitely in the multitude of parallel universes at the same time.

Learn about the geniuses of the 21st century

7. David Deutsch - the discoverer of a multiverse

David Deutsch was born in 1953 in Israel, but arrived in England 3 years old. He was passionate about mathematics when he was a teenager and built an electric computer at the age of 13. Today he lives very closed. Attending the congresses made him sometimes dependent on hot meals and tea at midnight.

Deutsch researches mathematics and physics at Oxford University, Cambridge and Austin, Texas. He studied both his philosophical aspects of multiverse theory . And in one of his books entitled "The Physics of Understanding the World", he was preoccupied with the physical foundations of life formation and evolution.

A genius wisdom works not for money

David Deutsch is considered one of the best physicists in the world, he can choose for himself a special freedom. He agreed with Oxford University that he did not have to teach anymore, was allowed to work from home and did not receive wages. Deutsch lives with royalties.

Anyone who wants to meet David Deutsch must visit him before at Oxford University. Genius theoretical physicist almost never leaves the house because he is a very sleepy person. One can only truly enjoy the encounter with him, because when this British was right, the meeting would take place infinitely in the multitude of parallel universes at the same time. However Deutsch's multiverse allows for differences. In a parallel universe this may trigger an argument, but in another parallel universe, the discussion is completely harmonious.

The theory of multiverse builds the foundation for the development of new ultra-fast supercomputers .

"My theory is quite special, we all agree like that ," Deutsch said. However, he can be cited by experiments that seem to corroborate his ideas. Extremely small objects, called quanta such as photons, electrons or other fundamental particles of atoms, successfully jump back and forth between parallel universes . This is proved as follows: When a person is in a room with two doors, he can enter our world through a door. Only no one realized that. But if one shoots a light particle at a wall with two holes, then on the other side of the wall is seen as if the light particle passed through two holes at once. That happens in parallel universes. The reuniting of particles comes from our universe with particles from the parallel universe leaving a measurable trace.

This sounds like a complicated brain game for a physics lesson. But Deutsch's theory of parallel universes is of great interest. Based on the theory, he created the idea of ​​developing quantum computers. In such machines, quanta work in parallel in many universes on a problem and solve it at an unimaginable speed. The work of creating such a computer has been around for a long time, and there have even been models that have solved quite simple tasks. This study is particularly expensive and complex. But the money poured in from research budgets of intelligence and military agencies is almost unlimited. Because the theory has proved that a quantum computer is capable of decoding all the keys in the world. If Deutsch's idea is implemented, there are no more secrets.

But Deutsch has no interest in such practical applications: "I follow the creation of quantum computers as an interested non-professional . " He learned more about the results for his so-called Multiverse Theory for his time- based travel. He believes that there is no theoretical hindrance. A traveler from time to time will probably land in the past of a parallel universe, which is exactly the same as our universe, but by a different way.

Does everything sound crazy? Deutsch's theory has not yet been definitively proven, but it has enabled the first quantum computer."I estimate that part of my quantum theory will be rejected," Deutsch said. " But a new theory will maintain parallel universes or even bring out more weird things."

8. Eric Kandel - Memory decoder

Eric Kandel was born in 1929 in Wien (Vienna). 10 years later his family fled to the United States. The shock of the migration has carved into his life. He wanted to learn the history and thoughts of people. Kandel is a person who loves art, so he also tried to understand the neurological foundation of feeling our beauty.

Today he teaches in New York and studies in his own company about an anti-memory medicine. In 2000 he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Medicine .

One of Eric Kandel's boldest childhood memories is a remote control toy car. He received a gift on his 9th birthday, and he played for two days. Then fascists broke into his parents' apartment, which was originally Jewish. The car was lost, but the intensity of this memory changed the life of Kandel permanently."How can I go back to 1938 and relive my childhood?" Kandel asked. He invested over 50 years in researching the secret decoding of memories - and found the answer.

Can people appreciate how their brains work?

Nothing in the universe is more complicated than our brain. For a long time it was thought that the brain's work could not be seen.

Study of Kandel sticking to a slimy animal: sea ​​snail Aplysia . It is almost as big as a cat, and its neurons are visible. Kandel believes that these neurons are the basic unit of our thoughts and memories. He sought fondness at Aplysia how learning works. Most fellow researchers think he was crazy, because he chose such a primitive animal. They doubt the snail can learn and remember. But Kandel believed in his genius intuition. He stimulated the animal for a long time in a position on the skin, until it learned that it was not hurt by it. At the same time Kandel also measured directly on the neural cells of the snail to see how the electrical signals continued to be transmitted.

The results were surprising: " I have demonstrated long-term memory as a result of short-term memory - in which neurons learn from each other by complementary links , " Kandel said. He also discovered a protein that controls this process - it's like a door, leading information to long-term memory. When proving that the human brain works just like the snail's brain , the event is more shocking.

Today brain research is the most appealing scope of the scientific world. With machines like magnetic resonance imaging, researchers were able to directly observe human memory. Thousands of daily researchers have made discoveries that extend the understanding of the universe's most complex organ. One of their greatest hopes: finding drugs can prevent memory loss of old age.

Although Eric Kandel is 77 years old, he still does not sit still watching others continue his work."I discovered a protein that plays an important role in creating new connections of nerve cells. It can change the shape and force all the surrounding proteins to change shape. A phenomenon that we have only known until now is a protein that causes mad cow disease . " Kandel estimates that he will need at least another five years to solve the mystery of this memory protein.