How can the plane fly in the sky?

Information about the mechanism of operation when the aircraft takes off, flies in the air and landings . will help you understand each time "sky travel".

Principle of operation of aircraft

Flight mechanism of aircraft

Aircraft weighing up to a hundred tons. Many people will wonder what kind of terrible force can lift that 'air monster ' off the ground? The answer is the aerodynamic lifting force (also called Joukowski lift).

Picture 1 of How can the plane fly in the sky?

Specifically, a moving plane is always under the influence of four forces: traction, air resistance, gravity and lift . Accordingly, when the aircraft runs on the runway, the flow of air surrounding the wing will create a pressure difference between the underside of the wings and the top of the wing.

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Lift model helps the aircraft take off .

The physical consequence of this phenomenon is a lifting force that appears in the direction from the ground to the sky. The faster the aircraft moves, the greater the increase in force, so much so that the force of lifting over Earth's gravity, lifting the giant machine hundreds of tons into the air.

How does jet engine work?

Operating in the air

In fact, aircraft can fly at altitudes as much as they like. The world record once recorded the case of US SR - 71 Blackbird aircraft reaching an altitude of nearly 26km above sea level in 1976. In addition to conventional civil commercial airplanes flying at an altitude of 8.5km - 10 , 7km, ie located in the upper troposphere of the atmosphere.

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The temperature decreases gradually when it rises, the lowest is about -50 degrees Celsius. Therefore, even in the aircraft's wheel compartment, it is difficult to prevent cold air due to the thickness of insulation and heating. not as in a passenger cabin. At the same time, the air in the troposphere moves very vertically and horizontally, causing many phenomena of rain, hail, wind, snow, fog .

The stable flight speed of civil aircraft is about 900km / h. The higher the rise, the less air resistance decreases (over 5.5km of halving resistance), helping the plane fly faster. At the same time, high flying helps the aircraft limit the risk of crashing into migrating birds - one of the causes of catastrophic accidents in the sky.

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Air pressure in airplanes is greatly reduced, only about one tenth of that on the ground.

In contrast, the higher the air, the more dilute it is. Air pressure is also greatly reduced, only about a tenth of that on the ground. Therefore, the amount of air available in the wheel compartment is very low.

For aircraft using propeller engines, low oxygen levels make it difficult to burn materials. In the air, the planes also often collect the wheels because if kept the same, the air will flow into the wheel, causing it to spin around, causing drag to reduce flight speed.

Aircraft landing mechanism

The flight ends with the landing of the plane on the runway. When the plane nears the ground, the air below the wing is pressed to the ground, causing small swirls to create a "ground effect" that causes the aircraft to lift for a short time. when officially going down the runway.

Picture 5 of How can the plane fly in the sky?