Hunting deep holes - tunnels through space and time

Scientists are looking for deep holes - how to move faster than the speed of light, can even travel over time, if it really exists.

Search deep holes, tunnels through space time

" The wormhole is a super-space tunnel , like a bottle, connecting two places in our universe, or between two parallel universes - if multiple universes are real, or between two timelines space, may well be between different dimensions , " physicist Eric Davis told Space.

Davis is studying space-time at the Tau Zero organization. He uses Einstein's general theory of relativity to come up with the idea of ​​designing a deep hole, a device that moves faster than light, functions as a time machine.

The concept of wormhole was first mentioned in 1916, by mathematician Ludwig Flamm, while considering Einstein's general equations of general relativity, referring to the phenomenon of gravitational bending - time pulse around. Although the trans-air tunnels - this time are very likely to exist theoretically, scientists still debating whether deep holes actually formed in nature, according to physicist Kip Thorne. , emeritus professor at California Institute of Technology. In fact, no deep holes have been discovered.

Simulate deep holes.(Artwork: Live Science).

Thorne and his colleagues have proved that, even if the wormhole actually exists, it will collapse before an object or a person passes through. In order to keep the hole open for a long enough time for movement, a support "scaffold" of special materials - dark matter , or dark energy is required.

"Dark energy is a form of energy with negative pressure, creating gravitational attraction (the attraction of ordinary matter is suction), which can push space in the universe through deep holes , " Davis said.

In addition to dark energy, there is a special form of matter called dark matter, which is estimated to be 5 times more common than matter in the universe. However, both physical and dark energy have not been discovered. Scientists have only investigated their effects on the surrounding space.

According to Ali Övgün, wormholes can form where there is dark matter , such as the outer region of our galaxy, the Milky Way, or between galaxies. Ali Övgün is currently a doctoral student at the Eastern Mediterranean University, Republic of Cyprus (Cyprus).

He and his colleagues used simulation programs to demonstrate that deep holes exist in dense regions of dark matter, as in galactic halos, hoping that these deep holes will satisfy the requirements. physics that scientists set out.

"However, this is just a proof of math," Ali said, "I hope to find experimental evidence one day."

Going through the deep hole, what will happen?

"There is no force acting on a spacecraft or a passenger in a deep hole. The ship simply moves from place to destination," Davis said. Since these tunnels cut through space - time, for the observer outside, the ship will move faster than the speed of light. With the people on the ship, they will not see that they move faster than light, can only know that they are traveling between two places with a much shorter time than normal ways of moving.

Davis also said that a "caustic rainbow effect" could be observed at the end of a deep hole. "Astronomers are still using telescopes to find this effect in the sky, this is a sign of a deep hole."

Rainbow effect of optical caustics at the end of deep hole.(Photo: NASA).

On the issue of time travel through deep holes, there are some paradoxes, of which the most famous is the "grandfather paradox" that shows that it is impossible to travel to the past. If a person returns to the past to kill his grandfather, he will not be born, and no one will return to the past to kill him.

However, Thorne is still working on making a time machine. According to Davis, Thorne's work will open a new direction.

"A new theoretical physics industry will be opened later, with technological advancements - time to build time machines without paradox," Davis said.

However, Davis admits it is difficult. One or both ends of the tunnel will have to be accelerated to approximately the speed of light.

"It is very difficult to make a deep hole in time," he said. Some other scientists worry that too much energy of a time trip will destroy the tunnel before being used. Even so, Davis and the worm pursuers still believe in the ability to build a cross-cutting machine in the future.