Lung cancer and carcinogens in cigarettes

We all know two factors that contribute to cancer in tobacco - nicotine and associated hydrocarbon aromatic rings (PAHs) are carcinogenic culprits. These poisonous substances have killed many people in the world every year.

Previous studies have also shown how the PAHs attack DNA, directly affect and damage DNA, leading to molecular and cell mutations, activating the oncogene, and called oncogene, suppresses the body's immune system - inactivates defenses that protect the body. From that cause dangerous diseases. But what are their attack mechanisms? Today, researchers at the University of Pennsylvania at the Drug Enforcement Center (CEET) have shown that long-term accumulation of PAHs can lead to mutations of major genes that cause cancer. lung letter.

Several genetic studies also show that enzymes responsible for causing oxidative stress from PAHs produce tissue that causes lung cancer and colorectal cancer. The study also found that enzymes called AKRs have long been used for studies that are also catalysts for lung cancer.

Oxidative stress is the process of accumulating toxic molecules called free radicals that can lead to damage to cells. Free radicals are membrane damage, proteins, Free radicals also damage basic nucleic acids (adenine, thymine, guanine and cytosine), which are the basic components of DNA structure. This injury causes DNA to be inaccurate, according to biological information - and cancer cells are formed. Free radicals also damage proteins, leading to dysfunction of many organs in the body. For example, skin collagen proteins, causing skin damage; or damaged enzymes (essentially proteins) will not work effectively to catalyze biochemical reactions in the body. Enzymes will not be repaired due to high levels of free radicals, this pathological spiral gradually causes the body to age faster and can create cancer. The mechanism is almost the same as making iron rust.

These findings create the first steps of understanding DNA damage and can provide the cause of disease development. From there can find methods to prevent and treat. But first everyone must know how to protect themselves. Be aware that tobacco is the main cause of this injury.