Poisoning numbness - dangerous complications

The patient is thin, malnourished, with impaired kidney or liver function, heart . easily sensitive to the toxic dose of anesthetic.

Anesthetic is a drug used to temporarily inhibit neurotransmitters, with recovery. This is one of the essential drugs widely used in medicine such as surgery, intervention from small to large.

Most cases of anesthesia are safe if the technician respects the safety principles such as the dose, anesthesia method, the factors of each patient .

When anesthetic is inserted into the body, part of the drug is absorbed into the bloodstream. The concentration of anesthetic in the blood reaches a certain threshold will cause a clinical manifestation known as systemic anesthetic poisoning. The concentration of anesthetics in the blood depends on many factors, including the dose, the anesthetic area, and the rate of injection of the drug are important factors. Accidentally injecting an amount of anesthetic directly into the bloodstream is the cause of most cases of drug poisoning.

In addition to the dose factor used, the basic factors of each patient also greatly affect the toxicity of anesthetic . There are many factors that affect the ability and severity of drug poisoning. The group of patients with high risk of poisoning is a thin body, malnourished, suffering from diseases such as impaired functions of kidney, liver, heart . Children under 6 months old, the elderly also those who are sensitive to the toxic dose of anesthetic.

Anesthesia for patients preparing for surgery.(Photo: AT).

Although respecting all safety principles for anesthesia, the possibility of poisoning can still occur, especially when anesthesia is not in the anesthesia major. Some patients have a sensitivity to numbness toxicity despite small doses. This hypersensitivity may be related to metabolic disorders due to a lack of certain enzymes, completely different from the immune-response anaphylactic phenomenon.

Anesthesia is an anesthetic that affects the whole body, excelling in the central nervous system and circulatory system. Symptoms of poisoning in the central nervous system include mild to severe irritation symptoms such as irritability, irritability, diplopia, change in taste, chatter, muscle twitch in the face of the neck , full body convulsions; or inhibition (drowsiness, reduced response, drowsiness, even coma).

Symptoms of anesthesia in the circulatory system include irritation in the early stages such as increased blood pressure, rapid heartbeat, and sweating. Expression of inhibition in the late stages such as bradycardia, cardiac conduction disturbances, and low and severe blood pressure are circulatory discontinuation.

A typical case of anesthetic poisoning usually begins with mild to severe neurological signs, followed by circulatory disorders. When a typical poisoning occurs, the medical staff can easily diagnose the following times with similar signs. However, up to 40% of cases of anesthesia poisoning show atypical clinical symptoms. Severe cases have only manifestations in the circulatory system. Therefore, in the treatment protocol of the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Analgesics in 2018, it is recommended that all changes in neurological or circulatory conditions while using anesthesia need to consider the cause of poisoning.

When patients show signs of poisoning, an immediate injection of numbing medicine should be discontinued and treatment according to the treatment protocol with the first priority is intravenous infusion of 20% lipid emulsion. One worrying issue is the misperception about " people who are using anesthesia in their daily work, especially those who are not in the anesthesia recovery.

In fact, very rare anesthetics that cause anaphylactic reactions can be life-threatening. Many studies around the world have proven that 'anaphylaxis of anaphylaxis' is very rare or actually not available. The pathology of anesthesia poisoning (dose and local toxicity of anesthesia) is completely different from 'anaphylactic shock' (anaphylactic reaction through a dose-independent immune mechanism). Therefore treatment regimens are different. Misconceptions can lead to misuse of treatment regimens, causing serious consequences.