Research to create new drugs won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2018

The drug has the ability to antibody, neutralize toxins, treat autoimmune diseases and metastatic cancer based on the method of using microorganisms.

Three scientists Frances H. Arnold, George P. Smith and Gregory P. Winte r were decided by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to award the 2018 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for studies that help control evolution, transform and select genes to develop new proteins.

Portrait of three scientists who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry this year.(Photo: Nobel Prize).

Evaluated research contributes to solving the global problem, promoting green chemistry, creating new materials, producing biofuels and pharmaceuticals to help reduce disease and save lives.

Professor Frances Arnold, California Institute of Technology (USA) is the first scientist to make a directed evolution of enzymes and catalytic proteins in chemical reactions. Enzyme produced through oriented evolution is used to produce biofuels and pharmaceuticals.

"When I started to change proteins, I didn't know how difficult this work was , " Professor Arnold shared in 2014. "After many failed experiments, I realized I had to find a different approach to solve. "In the end, my research has demonstrated that it is possible to stabilize enzymes, change properties, make them more active. These are things no one knows how to do."

Dr. George Smith, of the University of Missouri (USA) developed phage display techniques. This method uses viruses to infect bacteria (microbial food) to create new proteins.

The process of creating enzymes evolved is oriented.(Photo: Nobel Prize).

Professor Gregory Winter, MRC Molecular Biology Laboratory (Cambridge, UK) applied this method to orientate antibodies in order to produce new drugs.

The first drug developed by the phage display method is adalimumab, used to treat rheumatism, psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease. Today, the phage display creates antibodies that neutralize toxins, treat autoimmune diseases and metastatic cancer.

This is the third field published after the tournament (October 2), (October 1). On October 5, the council will announce the Nobel Peace Prize and October 8 will be the Nobel Prize for Economics.

In the field of chemistry, in 2017 three scientists Jacques Dubochet, Joachim Frank, Richard Henderson were honored for their work on refrigeration experimental microscopy, allowing to record the detailed molecular structure of the living.

The Nobel Prize-winning research has always received public attention due to its influence not only in science but also by creating an important foundation for the development of the world.