101 interesting things about the earth (Term 1)

We live on a sphere full of strange and unique things. In essence, it is not a sphere, but a wild planet, looming with ruined volcanoes, shaken by terrifying earthquakes, engulfed in great deluge. But what was the worst?

Discover 101 unexpected interesting things about the Earth

Some valleys of the earth sink deep into the sea. Many mountains rise and fall on the thin air layer. Can you name the lowest point on earth? Highest peak? Do you know how far the road to the center of the earth is and what's there? Where is the hottest, coldest, driest, most windy place?

1. What is the hottest place on earth?

If you guess Death Valley in California, USA, you're completely wrong. El Azizia in Libya achieved a record temperature of 57.8 degrees Celsius on September 13, 1922. Death Valley only reached 56.6 degrees Celsius on July 10, 1913.

El Azizia in Libya.

2. The coldest place in the world?

US scientists recently identified the coldest region on Earth in Antarctica with temperatures below -93 degrees Celsius.

The temperature recorded in the slopes is between Dome F and Dome A (Red), East Antarctic, and 2010 and 2013. (Photo: National Snow and Ice Data Center.)

3. What makes thunder?

If you guessed that "lightning ", please ask. But there is a clearer answer. The air around the lightning is heated up to five times the sun's temperature. This sudden warming causes the air to expand faster than the speed of sound, making the surrounding air compressed and creating shock wave, we hear like thunder.

Thunder.(Photo: basinski-net)

4. Can stones float on water?

In the volcanic eruptions, the gas layer was shot out strongly from lava to create an effervescent rock called pumice , filled with air bubbles. Some of these rocks can float on the water.

5. Can stones get bigger?

Yes, but tracking this process is even more boring than watching dry paint. Iron-manganese crusts grow on the mountains in the sea. They precipitate slowly from the sea water, growing to about 1 mm in 1 million years. Your fingernails also grow that way for 2 weeks.

6. How much dust from the air falls to the earth every year?

This number is infinite, but the USGS believes that there are at least 1,000 million grams, ie about 1,000 tons of matter fall into the atmosphere each year and land on the surface of the earth.

Blind dust.(Photo: ecosyn)

7. How far can dust fly in the wind?

A 1999 study found that dust from Africa found its way to Florida and caused many parts of the state to exceed the air quality limit set by the US Environmental Protection Commission. The dust is picked up by the big winds in North Africa and brought to the altitude of 6,100 m, where dust meets trade winds and is transported through the sea. Dust from China has also crossed the ocean into North America.

8. Where is the tallest waterfall in the world?

With a height of 979m, the Angel Falls (Angel Falls) located in Venezuela's Canaima National Park is recognized as the highest waterfall in the world.

Angel Falls ( Angel Falls ) in Venezuela

9. Which two major US cities will be merged?

The San Andreas fissure runs north and south separating at a rate of 5 cm / year, making Los Angeles closer to San Francisco. It is estimated that Los Angeles will become a suburb of the City on the Bay for another 15 million years.

San Andreas crack.(Photo: wikipedia.org)

10. Is the Earth spherical?

Because our planet is more circular and flexible than you can imagine, it swells in the middle, forming a pumpkin-like shape. This bulge is decreasing over the centuries, but now suddenly it grows. It is the increasingly melting ice on the earth that causes the equatorial rim to expand.

11. Gravity on Mars?

Gravity on Mars equals 38% of the Earth's gravity, measured at sea level. Therefore, a person weighing 100 kg on earth will weigh 38 kg on Mars. However, according to NASA's current plans, it will take decades for this number to be verified.

12. How long is a year on Mars?

It's exactly one year, if you're from Mars. But for earth people, it's almost twice as long. The red planet takes 687 days to orbit the sun, compared to 365 days of the earth.

NASA explores Mars.(Photo: Nasa)

13. How long is an average day?

Martians can sleep (or work) more than half an hour a day compared to you. One day on Mars is 24 hours 37 minutes, compared with 23 hours 56 minutes on earth. One day on any solar system planet is calculated by the time it spins itself on one axis on the axis, ie making the sun rise in the morning and dive in the evening.

14. Which is the largest in the world?

Mauna Loa mountain in Hawaii takes this title on earth. It is 15.2 km high from the foot of the mountain located at the bottom of the sea. But Mount Olympus Mons on Mars is even greater - it pierces the red planet sky with a height of 26 km. The foundation of this mountain can cover almost the entire state of Arizona, USA.

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Mauna Loa Mountain in Hawaii

15. What was the most deadly earthquake ever?

The record of death occurred in 1557 in China. It descends on the area where people mostly live in stone caves. Rock mass collapsed, killing about 830,000 people. Another horrific earthquake also hit Tangshan, China in 1976. More than 250,000 people were killed.

Earthquake in China in 1976.

16. What is the strongest earthquake in the recent period?

The 1960 Chilean earthquake had a rich 9.6 magnitude and caused a long crack of 1,600 km. Such an earthquake in a large city can shatter buildings with the most modern construction techniques.

The US military participated in rescuing the Chileans during the 1960 earthquake. (Photo: history.amedd.army)

17. Which earthquake is more horrifying: Kobe (Japan) or Northridge, California (USA)?

The Northridge earthquake in 1994 was 6.7 richter and killed 60 people, 6,000 were injured, more than 40 billion USD in damage. The earthquake in Kobe in 1995 had 6.7 richter intensity and killed 5,530 people. About 37,000 people were injured and the economy lost $ 100 billion.

Kobe earthquake in 1995.

18. How far is the distance to the middle?

The distance from the earth's surface to the center is nearly 5,955 km. Most of the earth's component is liquid. The planet's most solid shell is only about 66 km thick - thinner than an apple's shell, calculated at the same rate.

19.

Dubbed 'The Roof of the World ', however, Everest is not the highest mountain on our planet.

Strictly speaking, Everest is just the highest mountain, above sea level. However, if only for height, Mauna Kea (Hawaii) is the highest mountain. Specifically, Everest is about 8,848 meters above sea level. Mauna Kea is only 4,205 meters, but the mountain is more than 6,000 meters deep in the Pacific Ocean. Thus, Mauna Kea has a total height of 10,205 meters, about 1,000 meters larger than Everest.

High peaks of continents.(Graphics: Business Insider)

20. Has the moon ever been closer than this?

It was much closer. A billion years ago, the moon was in a smaller orbit, only taking about 20 days to orbit us. One day on earth was 18 hours long. The moon is still far away, about 4 cm / year. Meanwhile, the rotation of the earth slows down, making the day stretch. In the distant future, one day on earth will be 960 hours long!