101 interesting things about the earth (Term 3)

Inside the hot earth to be? Does the whole world spin at a speed? The deepest place in the ocean? How old is the earth? . All those questions will be answered in part 3 of 101 interesting things about the earth.

Discover 101 unexpected interesting things about the Earth

41. The lowest land area on earth?

The Dead Sea , located between Israel and Jordan, lies at a depth of 394 m below sea level.

(Photo: plawner)

42. The world's largest lake?

Both in size and capacity are the Caspian Sea , located between southeastern Europe and western Asia. The water surface area is 371,000 km² and the volume is 78,200 km³.

(Photo: veimages)

43. Where is the most earthquake and volcanic eruption on earth?

Most occur along the boundaries of dozens of giant lithosphere floating on the surface of the earth. One of the most important disk rings where earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur is around the Pacific Ocean , commonly known as the Pacific Ring of Fire . It caused tremors and fires that stretched from Japan to Alaska and South America.

Pacific fire belt (red strokes).(Photo: virgil)

44. How hot is the earth?

The temperature of the earth increases by 20 degrees C after every kilometer deep into it. Near the center, the temperature reached at least 3,870 degrees Celsius.

45. Three countries have the largest number of active volcanoes in history?

Indonesia, Japan and the US, in descending order of activity level.

Merapi volcano in the island of Java - Indonesia.(Photo: gesource)

46. ​​How many people in the world face a disaster from volcanoes?

In 2000, scientists estimated that volcanoes would cause a significant disaster for at least 500 million people, equivalent to the global population in the early 17th century.

47. Which source contains the largest amount of freshwater in the world: lakes, streams or groundwater?

Groundwater holds up to 30 times the amount of water compared to all freshwater lakes, and 3,000 times the amount of water in rivers and streams worldwide. Groundwater is contained in natural aquifers below ground.

48. Which earthquake was bigger, in 1906 in San Francisco or 1964 in Anchorage, Alaska?

The earthquake at Anchorage was 9.2 richter, while the San Francisco earthquake was 7.8 richter. On April 18, to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the historic earthquake in San Francisco, researchers recreated the San Francisco earthquake with computers.

Anchorage earthquake - Alaska in 1964. (Photo: campus-online)

49. Which earthquake was more shocking about the number of people killed and property: the 1906 earthquake in San Francisco or 1964 in Anchorage?

The San Francisco earthquake tops. It caused 700 deaths compared to 114 of the Anchorage earthquake. Property losses in San Francisco were also greater, because fires destroyed most of the wooden buildings of the time.

San Francisco earthquake in 1906. (Photo: stvincent)

50. Is the earth being solid?

The inner part of the earth's core is considered solid. But the outer part of the nucleus melts. Scientists have not yet discovered its exact compound.

Structure inside the Earth.(Photo: NASA)

51. Is the whole world spinning at a speed?

The solid inner core - the huge amount of iron equivalent to the size of the moon - spins faster than the outer part of the iron core is liquid.

52. How many people died of volcanoes in the last 500 years?

At least 300,000 people. From 1980 to 1990, volcanoes killed at least 26,000 people.

53. How many earth surfaces include volcanic rock?

Scientists estimate that more than three-quarters of the earth's surface is volcanic rock - rocks erupting from volcanoes or rocks melting beneath the earth's surface.

54. Can an earthquake cause tsunamis?

Yes, if the earthquake originates from the bottom of the sea . Near the epicenter, the sea floor rises and falls, pushing the water up and down. This rhythm creates a wave that radiates in all directions. A tsunami can be very large but quite low in deep water. When it is near the shore it bounces up and can reach the height of high-rise buildings. Meteors can also cause tsunamis.

(Photo: LiveScience)

55. Are tsunamis are high waves when it hits the coast?

No, contrary to the art of tsunami, most do not form huge waves but they are like fast and large tides.

The image was taken from the Kalutara tsunami satellite, Sri Lanka.(Photo: LiveScience)

56. How much land on the earth is desert?

About 1/3.

Sahara Desert.(Photo: saharamet)

57. The deepest place in the ocean?

The largest depth is 11 km in the Mariana Trench , in the Pacific Ocean, near Japan.

Mariana Island.(Photo: gesource)

58. Highest wind speed obtained so far?

It was previously thought that the fastest wind was 372 km / h in Mounth Washington, New Hampshire on April 12, 1934. But in May 1999 in Oklahoma, the researchers obtained wind speeds of 513 km / hour. For comparison, the wind on Neptune has a speed of 1,448 km / hour.

Map of wind speed in May 1999 in Oklahoma.(Photo: cimss.ssec)

59. How much fresh water is stored on earth?

More than 2 million miles of fresh water are stored on the planet, half of which are within 800 meters of the earth's surface.

60. How old is the earth?

Our planet is more than 4.5 billion years old, a little younger than the sun. Recent evidence shows that the earth actually formed much earlier, about 10 million years after the sun.

(Photo: Nasa)

(These answers were provided by SPACE.com in collaboration with the US Geological Survey (USGS), with the American National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association).