Albert Einstein: Farewell to Germany (3rd period)

World glory has been for Einstein after the advent of relativity. Einstein gave lectures everywhere, from Austria, America, England . to France, Japan .

Einstein's second 9-year-old son Eduard asked: 'Why are you so famous, Dad?' He smiled and answered: 'Look, when a bug crawls along a curved branch, it doesn't know that the branch is curved. I have the luck to see what the bug didn't see. '

The sky is dark and peaceful

In 1933, when Einstein visited England, the British press welcomed the man who attracted this mass as a symbol.While in 1633 on the continent, Galileo was brought before the catholic court of the church because the results of his scientific research were inconsistent with the teachings of the church, and by the end of the 17th century in Europe still while the trials of 'witches' , the UK has a liberal atmosphere for new ideas. Newton in 1687 could disseminate his discoveries in the Principia work without worry.

Exactly 300 years after Galileo was tried, England showed great admiration for a genius of the times, they knew to cross all borders of history, geography, of nationalistic hostility to see genius. It's like England's beloved son.

However, Einstein's popularity and relativity entailed a terrifying big shadow of opposition of all colors. Hostile voices against him began to rise. People are against him because they do not understand the theory of relativity, because they still cling to old scientific notions, because of jealousy, envy, because he is Jewish, or because of political nature, he is a master peace meaning. German authorities believe that pacifists were the knife that stabbed the back of Germany, causing Germany to lose the battle in World War I.

But the most serious protests come from political, racial and ideological intentions in Germany. The leading scientists knew Einstein's value well. But for many, Einstein's success was a challenge, a thorn in their eyes. While the scientific sky of humanity is enlightened, the peaceful sky of humankind is darkened. In early 1920, the "cloud" pulled up the city of Berlin and Germany. The fascist forces began to organize Einstein's public chain in an organized way. On June 24, German Foreign Minister Walther Rathenau, a Jewish German and a close friend of Einstein, was assassinated by the righteous forces, warning Einstein of the danger that might be coming to him. He left the world for a long time.

Einstein was soon nominated for the Nobel Prize in physics since 1910, at the age of 31, just five years after the ' miracle year '. But it was not until 1921 that the Nobel Committee announced the Nobel Prize to Einstein. Ironically, due to the pressure of opposing public opinion, the Nobel Prize Committee in Oslo only dared to explain Einstein's work on the photoelectric effect, not on the theory of relativity. Nobel Prize for Einstein eased public opinion somewhat, because Einstein was finally awarded. It is said that when asked, Einstein expressed his feelings as follows: 'I am very happy for many reasons, including the reason why people no longer questioned me anymore: Why You didn't get a Nobel Prize? '

Einstein and French and British professors participated in demonstrations against Berlin's war (Photo: TTO)

In the face of ever-increasing anti-Semitism, the danger of fascism, of a growing new world war, he actively fought for peace. In 1926, he signed the same name with Gandhi, Tagore, Barbusse and several other employees in an anti-war declaration. Einstein's remaining days in Germany were only counted on his fingertips.

Ending the ' golden age ' of German science

On January 30, 1933, Hitler came to power, removing all civil liberties. Fortunately for Einstein, at that time he and his wife were still in America. On February 16, the German Parliament was burned. Hitler excused himself to suppress the left-wing and intellectual forces.

Einstein and a series of artists and writers were attacked violently by the Nazi press. In early March, before he got off from the US to Europe, he announced his decision not to return to Germany.

He called on the civilized world to intervene with public opinion against Hitler's repression. The day he got off the ship was also the day the press reported that his resort in Caputh (Berlin) was searched and the property was confiscated. The road named Einstein in the city of Ulm was renamed Fichte Road, a German nationalist philosopher.

In an interview in October, he said: 'I cannot understand the passivity that the civilized world reacts to modern barbarism. Did the world not see Hitler aiming for war? '

Just arrived in Antwerpen, he returned his passport and German nationality to the German representative. Earlier, on March 28, he sent his resignation decision to the Prussian Academy. The Nazis were furious because Einstein had taken action first, they had plotted to remove Einstein from the academy officially.

On 10-5-1933 in Berlin, 20,000 books were burned, including Albert Einstein's books. Burning books happens simultaneously at 16 other universities. He stayed in Belgium and England until October, so that he and his wife would return to the United States to settle in Princeton. He felt before the disaster of the Nazi ' third empire ' and was inspired: 'I will never see my country again.'

Einstein's departure meant that German science lost its spiritual leader, the flag of science. More than 1,600 professors and teaching staff lost their jobs. A huge evacuation took place, a terrible brain drain in the history of German science.

Einstein read a speech in England (Photo: TTO)

Hitler gave a search for the biographies of all scientists who were ' purely '. The 'golden age' in German science is brutally terminated. Güttingen is the university with the most severe consequences. Many top professors must leave. There is no one left to teach students in mathematics.

Before leaving Europe to return to the United States, Einstein stopped by to visit England for four weeks. On the night of October 3, 1933, over ten thousand people, including many political refugees from Germany, intervened at the Royal Albert Hall next to Hyde Park in London to hear Einstein speak.

The talk aimed to confuse Nazi refugee scientists. An unusual eastern police force is located on the roads leading to the site because there are rumors that it will attempt to murder Einstein.

In the ceremony room, an additional 1,000 students are arranged to immediately prevent any provocation if any. On the chair table there are the most famous children of England in science. Einstein spoke for the first time in English, with his German accent, speaking earnestly and emotionally: 'It is in the period of economic deprivation as we witnessed now everywhere that people see clearly the vitality of morality - how vivid in a nation - how powerful and effective '.

Einstein's speech at the Royal Albert Hall was a farewell speech to Europe. He, wife Elsa, secretary Helen Dukas and assistant Walther Mayer boarded the ship, leaving the continent of Europe. Paul Langevin, Einstein's close friend in France, commented: 'The pope of physics' has moved his chair to the New World. Princeton was the last stop in his homeless life. Einstein lived for 19 years in Germany (since Berlin) and the remaining 22 years at Princeton.

NGUYEN XUAN XANH compiled

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From Princeton, Einstein continued with shocking inventions. Einstein also constantly committed himself to fighting for world peace. Ouch happens after the United States threw an atomic bomb on Japan. Once again, Einstein made an 'inner evacuation' right in the United States.

Next term : Dream 'eternal peace'
Term 1 : Albert Einstein - Seeking truth
Term 2 : Albert Einstein: Toppling the old order