Albert Einstein: The dream of

Perhaps after 1925, Einstein was able to go fishing without doing anything else, enjoying it as early as Newton, as many people said, but he plunged into a search for the final map of nature. hardest 30 years without achieving the desired results. His life is an unfinished symphony.

Continue to find the truth

The last 30 years of Einstein's time in Princeton (USA) was the period when he sought the unified field theory for gravity (general relativity) and electromagnetic waves since he published the first results of the theory. The school unified in 1925 for gravity and electricity, but did not reach its intention.

He hoped to provide the final solution for quantum mechanics (developed by young physicists such as Bohr, Heisenberg, Born . in 1926 - 1927) which he considered unfinished. According to him, 'finding the truth is still more interesting than possessing it'.

The whole world of science rushes to the quantum ship moving faster and faster. Only Einstein was the one who stood back and constantly raised the imperfections of quantum mechanics. After a quarter of a century, with extraordinary efforts, overcoming barriers of scientific prejudice, with human quantum mechanics coming to the new land, began to understand a variety of properties of the world. micro which was previously impossible to understand with classical mechanics. That is the first quantum revolution.

A few decades later, this revolution caused the first industrial revolution, a profound impact on the world of society and economy. Transitor, invented in 1948, has a great influence on human life and the era of information. The second important invention was the laser in the late 1960s.

The most important application of lasers is probably in the telecommunications industry. It pushes the flow of information that can be conveyed in a single optical fiber up to terabit, meaning millions of millions of bits of information pass through the ocean. Another application is that the ' cold atomic clock' can increase accuracy to a second in 30 million years (the casium clock has an accuracy of 1 second for 10 million years) .

In 1935, Einstein's critique of quantum mechanics reached a peak shown in a paper with two young colleagues, Boris Podolsky and Nathan Rosen, named 'The Physical Description of Quantum Mechanics can be considered complete? '. This work, often referred to as the "EPR paradox" (the abbreviation of three authors), is intended to prove that physical description by quantum mechanics is incomplete.

Einstein years at Princeton (Photo: TTO)

But then the EPR was forgotten by the physicists, it was only seen as an experiment of Einstein's artificial idea to criticize quantum mechanics. Quantum physics ended completely here. Thirty years later (1964), nine years after Einstein's death, John Bell was the one who continued his work and forced nature to 'stick out' a piece of its subtle secrets.

Paradoxically, EPR has become an effect. It is in this effect that people begin to understand quantum theory in its depth. It shows Einstein's sharp nature in formatting basic problems. The EPR effect along with Bell's theorem caused the second revolution of quantum mechanics in the world. Like the first revolution, it has been causing a second industrial revolution for the 21st century.

Einstein went down in his pajamas as usual to eat breakfast, but hardly touched anything.' Honey - he said - he has a great idea '. After drinking coffee, he went to the piano and started playing. Sometimes he stopped and took notes, then repeated: ' You have a great idea! '. I said: ' Then tell me, don't let me impatient '. He said: ' It's hard, you have to deploy it already.'

He continued to play the piano and take notes for about half an hour, then went upstairs to the study, telling me he didn't want to be disturbed and stayed there for two weeks.Every day I set up food for him and in the evening he went for a walk to exercise, then went back to the office to work.After all, he came down from the office, his face very pale.'This is the result,' he said, tiredly putting two pages on the table.And that is his theory of relativity.

The story of Elsa Einstein (the second wife of Einstein), recorded by Charlie Chaplin in his diary

Quantum computers of the 21st century will process unprecedented information quickly. EPR crossover properties will be able to launch thousands of different calculations at the same time. The principle of future quantum computer operation will be completely different. The race in these areas is going strong worldwide.

Einstein told his secretary Helen Dukas that perhaps 100 years later physicists understood what he did. But just 50 years later, the interest in unified school has risen vigorously.

'Internal evacuation'

From Princeton, Einstein was also constantly committed to fighting for world peace. In 1938, German physicist Otto Hahn discovered that atoms could be separated into particles, that fission could emit an energy, the tremendous power of energy could be calculated by final E = mc2. The news passed through the United States, and American scientists feared Germany could build the atomic bomb first.

On August 2, 1939, Einstein sent a letter to US President Franklin Roosevelt recommending the risk that Germany might have an atomic bomb production program and suggested that the US government consider a research plan like so. The Manhattan project was formed with a budget of $ 2 billion and 130,000 participants.

He said: 'I am aware of the terrible risk to mankind about the success of this work (research to build an atomic bomb). But the possibility that the Germans also do this with the prospect of success has forced me to do this. Killing in war in my opinion is no different from normal killing. ' After the United States threw two atomic bombs on Japan in August 1945, Einstein regretted saying: 'If I knew that the Germans could not produce an atomic bomb, I would not have touched one finger.'

Einstein resisted McCarthyism in the 1950s, urging the intellectuals to disobey the summons of the House Committee on allegedly anti-American activities, a new Roman court, even if must be sent to prison by relying on the freedom of free speech by the people protected in the constitution.

The letter of insubordination was posted on the New York Times on June 12, 1953 and caused an explosive reaction in public opinion. All major newspapers in their comments ' politely deny ' his call. Einstein was given the title ' communist spy ' in a secret file of 1,427 pages about the US Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and ' should have been expelled from the United States for a long time '.

Einstein in the interview in February 1950 resisted the decision of
US government continues to manufacture hydrogen bombs (Photo: TTO)

On August 26, 1949, the Soviet Union tried the first atomic bomb. The nuclear arms race started. Humanity is at risk of a fierce war than all past wars. Einstein continued his new struggle against nuclear armedness for the survival of humanity. He offered to create a world government: or a world government, or there would be no more world. His idea follows the idea of ​​a world community of sovereign peoples, living peacefully, independently and freely in a federal institution in the dream of " eternal peace " of Immanuel Kant.

Einstein became more and more lonely in the scientific world. In 1949, he wrote to friend Maurice Solovine of Olympia Academy: 'You think I must look back on a career of life with silent satisfaction. But the reality is different if you look closely. I continued to work tirelessly, but became an unbelievable cult in many people's eyes. It is because of fashion and myopia. The most precious thing is a few gentle friends, steadfast and understand each other '.

In the last years of his life at Princeton, Einstein witnessed once again, this time in the United States, the previous scenes that made him leave Germany: militaryism, armed fever, McCarthyism. track and trace people who are progressive, limit human freedom.'I have sat 17 years in the United States without learning anything from this country's thinking and need to keep myself from being superficial in thought and emotion . ' Once again, he did an " inner evacuation " right in the United States.

NGUYEN XUAN XANH compiled

_______________________
' I have done my work on the earth '. The last secret Einstein brought was the whispering sounds in German before his death, the nurse on duty didn't understand German. But it doesn't take 100 years, the world understands Einstein .

Next term: Human educator
Term 1 : Albert Einstein - Seeking truth
Term 2 : Albert Einstein: Toppling the old order
Term 3 : Farewell to Germany