Basic first aid skills to know

Hemostasis, bandaging and artificial respiration are essential skills to help you deal with unfortunate incidents on the travel route.

Due to many reasons, it is very likely that you will be scratched, injured or drowned on the travel itinerary. Therefore, you should pocket some basic first aid skills:

1. Stop bleeding and make a tourniquet

With little scratches or bleeding (capillary bleeding), you just need to use a clean towel or hand to remove dirt, small pieces, and then hold the wound open to stop bleeding. Then, apply a clean or soft gauze for 1 - 2 days depending on the depth and width of the wound.

With dark red blood spots, bleeding (venous bleeding) and bright red blood splashes into rays (arterial bleeding), the first thing is to make a tourniquet.

In the absence of a dedicated tourniquet, you should use a piece of rubber or cloth wire to twist it tightly into the upper part of the wound to stop blood circulation downward.

In addition to ensuring the principle of putting the tourniquet out (not being covered by clothing), quickly transfer the person to the back route and loosen the tourniquet 60-90 minutes / time, and clearly state the tourniquet, now ., you should place the tourniquet on a thin towel wrapped around the wound to prevent it from being damaged and necrotic for the victim.

Note: do not attempt to remove any object that is too large or stabbed too deeply because it may cause more bleeding and wound infection.

2. Bandages

After hemostasis and cleaning wounds with gauze, bandages are the next step. With a wound on the part of the part that has the same size as the wrist, you can use spiral tape. This is the simplest way to bandage, first wrap the 2 rings to fix the gauze, then put the bandage around your head, the back bandages overlap two thirds of the front bandage until it covers the entire area. love and tie the bandage.

Human tape technique.(Photo: Vy An)

The applied tape has injuries that are located in irregular parts such as elbows and elbows. The way this tape is quite similar to spiral ice but each is folded. After fixing the gauze, wrap a swirl, the thumb of the left hand rests on the fold to hold the ice ring. Stretching the tape about 15cm, the right hand turns the tape down and folds down. Then tighten the tape, end with two circles and fix.

When you have wounds in the shoulder, armpit, groin, buttocks, forearm, heel, etc., you should use tape according to figure 8 with cross-over runways. No matter how you do it, you must adhere to the principle: tight bandage, moderate tightness.

3. Ha breathed breath and pressed the chest

This skill will help you get first aid when you experience drowning. First, put the victim in a dry, flat place, put a towel or shirt down on the victim's neck, tilt the head and use a clean, clean towel to remove sputum and drool in the throat.

Then straighten the head, kneel beside the victim (across the heart), place the left hand on the 1/3 under the sternum, the right hand facing the back of the left hand, the arms stretched straight, the two shoulders perpendicular to the hand . Applying the weight of the whole body to press down the victim's chest rhythmically, continuously 60-80 times / 1 minute.

After about 20-30 compressions of the heart, switch to 2 times to blow. At this time, put one hand on the forehead, take two fingers, cover the victim's nose, and put one hand on the victim's chin, pull it back so that the victim's mouth opens, slowly breathe in the air from your mouth. into the victim's lungs. Do continuous chest compressions and breath inhalation for about 30 minutes until the victim regains consciousness and takes to the nearest medical facility.

In addition, there are some basic skills you should also pocket before going on the road such as first aid burn, fix wounds, handle when bitten by snake, heatstroke, hit the wind .