9 basic emergency skills everyone should know

Skills to save the people you need to master

Basic first aid skills can save lives when needed. Artificial respiration, first aid for drowning, first aid for people with heart attacks, burns, heavy blood burns, blockage of breath due to foreign bodies, victim movement are skills that everyone should know and hold firmly .

The most important principle before you learn how to save people is to call the hospital or emergency units immediately. Then, in the meantime, see how you can help the victim. Also, pay attention to your own safety. In many cases, if you make yourself hurt, you won't be able to help anyone.

Artificial respiration / cardiopulmonary resuscitation

When it comes to " saving lives " of other people, perhaps the first thing you think about is artificial respiration. This skill will decide between life and death for those who have fallen into heart failure. Ideally, you should take a course in CPR, so you can practice this skill in the right order and gain important experiences in the learning process.

However, even without training, you can still save lives if there are no people around. Watch the video just 3 minutes later.

You can carry out the process of compressing the heart blowing breath (artificial respiration using only hands) on any patient except the newborn. With this technique, you will press the patient's chest to about 3cm and then release it at 100 times / minute until emergency personnel arrive. According to the American Heart Association, you do not have to lift your neck and blow air into the victim's mouth.

Victims of heart attack

Sometimes, the manifestation of a heart attack may be very obvious, for example, the heart stops beating; In other cases, a heart attack may be like a burning sensation behind the sternum. One in seven deaths in the United States causes heart disease, so you need to understand the symptoms of a heart attack:

1. Chest tightness, pain in the chest or arms, can spread to the neck, jaw.
2. Nausea, bloating, abdominal pain.
3. Rapid breathing, difficulty breathing.
4. Sweat.
5. Feeling nervous, insecure.
6. Tired.
7. Difficulty sleeping
8. The mind is not alert.

After calling for help, if the victim is older than 16 years old and is not allergic to aspirin and is also not taking drugs that can interact with aspirin, give them an aspirin to reduce the damage. heart.

How to save a person who is suffering from choking because of an object in the throat

If the victim's respiratory tract is clogged with food or other types of objects, watch for this person to be coughing. If they are awake, tell them to cough as hard as possible. If this person cannot cough, breathe or speak, you need to do the Heimlich first aid :

1. Call emergency immediately.
2. Direct the victim to the front and use his hand to punch the person hard on the back 5 times.
3. Stabbing of the victim's abdomen 5 times: 2 arms to the front of the abdomen, a fist, one hand around the other hand just above the belly button.
4. Strong shock until the object is ejected from the respiratory tract, or when the victim can breathe on his own or cough.

For pregnant women or obese people : place your hands above, just below the lowest ribs.

For children : keep the baby as shown in the picture below, be careful not to silence or hurt the neck.

Punch with the palm of your hand on your back 5 times, with not too strong force. Gravity and force from your hands may cause the object to escape. If the object does not escape, switch to the following position:

Then, use 2 or 3 fingers to press the bottom of the ribs until the object escapes.

Save the drowned people

Drowning is one of the most common fatal accidents. If you do not have swimming skills, you should be aware that swimming out to save people is the last resort. Remember the following sequence: " With your hands, throw, paddle, swim out ".

1. With hands: if the victim is near the edge of the pool or the anchor bridge, lie flat on the ground and try to reach out to the victim. If you have nearby branches, long sticks, towels ., use them to reach towards the victim. If necessary, keep one hand on the tank wall and get into the water with your hand towards the victim.
2. Throw: If there is a lifeline, throw it to the victim immediately.
3. Rowing: If there is a boat, row out to the victim.
4. Swimming: Swimming out to save people is the ultimate solution. If possible, bring rescue buoys to drag the victim into. Try to reach the victim from behind. In case of necessity, you may have to hit the victim in the face so that the person is unconscious or shocked; then approach from behind and hug him to the shore. People who are drowning often panic, if not properly approached, this person can be dangerous to yourself.

First aid for people with heavy bleeding

There are many types of bleeding, of which the most dangerous is the broken artery. In any case, the first thing you must do is stop the bleeding. After washing your hands and wearing medical gloves (clean, thin plastic bags are also a good choice), you need:

1. Let the victim lie down and cover the person with a blanket. Raise the part that lost blood to the top.
2. Wipe dirt or foreign objects from the wound. ABSOLUTELY DO NOT try to remove objects that are too large or too deep.
3. Apply a clean cloth or cotton bandage to the wound for at least 20 minutes (do not open whether the blood has stopped or not).
4. Add cotton tape if necessary.
5. If the bleeding does not stop, compress the arteries at the following locations:

1. Block the position above the elbow and under the armpit.
2. Block the position behind the knee, near the groin.
3. Rub to bring the arteries in these areas close to the bone. Hold your finger firmly. With the other hand, hold firmly on the wound.

6. Only when the blood has stopped flowing, the body part is injured and the wound is bandaged again.

First aid for burns

Large, serious burns will require the help of doctors, but you should also take the following steps:

1. Pour cold tap water on the wound for 10 minutes.
2. Wipe the wound with a cold water towel. DO NOT apply ice, butter or anything else to the burned skin.
3. Clean skin with soap and tap water.
4. Taking pain relievers that contain acetaminophen (eg Panadol) or ibuprofen.

You do not need to bandage minor burns. Washing time with cold water can also last for 20 minutes, and you should also remove clothes and jewelry around.

Currently, "tips" such as yogurt, egg white, potato, cooking oil . have not been verified. You can also apply butter to burns caused by tar oil, but in other cases, you should not apply this "tip".

Emergency delivery in cars (and other locations)

You most likely will not encounter this case, but emergency skills are still essential. In fact, the birth process will take place completely naturally, but you also need to master the following steps:

1. Calculation of uterine contraction time : If the woman has uterine contractions every 3-5 minutes, each time from 40 to 90 seconds, more and more and more severe contractions within 1 hour, very pregnant women are about to give birth. This will happen to mothers born for the first time.
2. Support the baby's head when it comes out of the womb.
3. Dry and keep the child warm. Do not pat the baby's butt, but you also need to remove the liquid (if any) from the child's mouth.
4. On vegetable fibers, a few centimeters away from the baby, use a rope (for example, shoelaces) to tie vegetables.
5. You do not need to cut vegetables, unless the hospital is too far away (about a few hours of travel). If necessary, tighten the vegetable fibers a few centimeters away from the mother and cut the area between the two knots.

In the case of a baby coming out first, you can also apply the steps above.

Move people who are heavier than you

Usually, you need to leave the injured person in place to wait for the doctor to come. ABSOLUTELY does not move people injured head, neck and spine. In other cases, you may have to move the victim to a safe place. If the victim is too heavy, here is how to move them:

1. Turn the victim to him, pulling their hands on his shoulders
2. Kneel down or squat down, so that the victim's abdomen-chest lies on your shoulder.
3. Hold your hips straight and stand up. Do not lean forward to avoid back injury.
4. The victim will lie on your shoulder and you can move around.

Handle burn injuries

Burned skin needs special care. Do you know the difference in level 1 and level 3 burns? What burns do you need to go to the hospital? What can you do to relieve your child's pain? What should and shouldn't do when burned? These are the basic questions that every parent should know because of burns, although to some extent should have the first aid operations. For example:

1. In the case of boiling water, fire : when burned, do not remove clothes because it may lead to skin peeling of the burned area. The body part must be soaked immediately in clean cold water (absolutely not to use ice) for a period of 15-20 minutes. Then, burn the burn with sterile gauze or a fluffy, clean cloth, then take the victim to the nearest medical facility.
2. With small burns such as motor burners or light boiled water burns . then after soaking the water (or flushing many times), you can use a burn special ointment to cover the wound. However, the best after first aid should bring the victim to a medical facility to ensure safety.