How to create 1 tablet battery?

When you buy the phone, you all ask about the battery capacity, but few people are curious how they make it.

Today, when we intend to buy a Smartphone . In addition to being interested in brand, screen, hardware power . Battery life is also an important factor affecting the trend of choosing your Smartphone. A good looking phone, good shooting, strong hardware but not high battery life will not be attractive to users. So how do we wonder if the phone battery creates an electric current? And how do people create phone batteries?

First invite you to watch the video " How do people make lithium batteries? ":

How to make Lithium-ion batteries.

How does the battery generate electricity?

Current is the displacement flow of charged particles that are electrons and "holes" . Electrons tend to "run" to fill the " hole ", in the process it runs will generate electricity.

We see in the picture the electrons move from the cathode to the light bulb and then return to the positive. The light bulb lights up to show that there is electric current through it.

The battery generates an electrical current by converting " chemical energy " into electricity, which works similarly to the battery used in other devices. The difference here is just the chemical in the battery and in the battery.

Battery or battery must operate on the same principle and have 3 main components.

+ Electrolyte solution: In battery is acid, in the battery is a gel-like compound with less leakage like acid, depending on the battery technology, the component is somewhat different.

+ Anode : As the name of the pole placed in the electrolyte solution, it is the cathode in the battery.

+ Cathode : Also the name of the polar plate placed in the electrolyte solution, it is anode.

The simplest structure of a battery, in fact, is more complicated, including many layers of electrodes in series

Operation theory of 1 Pin.

Structure of a new generation Battery

Batteries in particular or devices that produce electrochemical energy in general work by generating electrons at the cathode (anode) and " hole " in the anode (cathode). The electron will run through the power-consuming device that is parallel to the battery and return to the hole. When the electrons fill up the hole, then your phone says "bad battery "

When you charge the battery. This process will separate the electron from the " hole ", when the electron is almost completely removed from the " drum", at which time your phone will report " full battery ".

How do people create phone batteries?

The history of battery development has gone through many stages and has become more and more complete. If anyone has ever used the first " rock " phones in the world, or the rechargeable batteries with the words " CD, Ni MH" you are always advised by the seller " 3 times the first charge 8 sound, then when the battery is almost discharged, then it will be charged, and when it is charged, it will be charged to withdraw it. "" It is very inconvenient in a busy life. So battery manufacturing technology is constantly developing.

Today phone batteries in particular or rechargeable batteries are generally more advanced. We have 2 types still used for rechargeable batteries today: Lithium ion and Lithium Polymer.

Lithium ion

The construction of a basic cylindrical Li-ion battery consists of: Outer shell, anode, cathode, insulating diaphragm and solvent .

Positive (also called Cathod) is made of Lithium carbonate oxide (LiCo2). There is a molecular structure that includes cobalt Oxide molecules linked to lithium. When an electric current is passed, the original Lithium is easily separated from the structure to form Lithium, Li + positive ions.

Negative (Negative) is made of graphene (graphite) that stores L + Lithium ions in crystals.

The seperator is thin made of PE or PP plastic between the anode and cathode, there are many small holes that separate the anode and cathode but still let Li + ions pass through. Some battery separators have the ability to fit when the temperature is high, not for Li + to pass.

Electrolyte solution : Liquid filled anode, cathode and diaphragm, containing LiPF6 and organic solvents, contains very little water (less than 0.001%) because Lithium acts with water. The solution functions as a conductor of Li + magnetic ions. The long leaves are wrapped into several rings, pressed tightly together, in the middle of them are electrolyte solutions as shown. The outer shell is usually made of metal to compact the layers of material inside. The battery is also equipped with an air vent to prevent the battery from exploding when the internal pressure increases.
Lithium ion batteries have many advantages such as: large discharge cycle, charging at any time does not affect battery life.

Besides, it still has some disadvantages: Lithium ion battery is degraded over time, whether you use it or not. Lithium - ion batteries must be encased in a metal shell, and electrolytic solvents are explosive if the battery is impacted or deformed.

Moreover, the growing life brings many creative things, including wearable devices such as curved Smartwatch or Smartphone, requiring the battery to bend according to the device to increase aesthetics and fashion. Lithium ion batteries do not meet that requirement.

Because of these disadvantages, today manufacturers are turning to a better battery, overcoming the disadvantages and maintaining the advantages of Lithium ion batteries.

Lithium Polymer

Lithium Polymer batteries are also similar in structure to Lithium ion, but liquid electrolyte solution is replaced by Gel solution synthesized from Polymer compound. So the battery cover does not need to be made of metal.

Lithium polymer batteries are smaller in weight, thinner than Lithium ion batteries, Polymer batteries can follow curved shapes without affecting capacity and safety.

Curved Lithium Polymer battery in Samsung Gear Fit

However, Lithium polymer batteries also have some disadvantages: Although they rarely burn, even if the battery is pierced, if it is burned, it will be very big . The second drawback is that if users who are accustomed to using a low-voltage battery get used to, they will significantly reduce the life of Lithium polymer batteries. This type of battery is recommended by the manufacturer when consumers charge more than 20% of capacity.

Above we only introduce battery cell part. A complete battery is used in devices including a battery cell and an extra circuit. This circuit is very important in preventing fire and explosion, as well as protecting cell batteries in many cases.

A phone battery.