Memphis Remnants & Pyramids from Giza to Dahshur - Egypt

Unesco's Scientific, Educational and Cultural Organization has recognized Memphis & Population Ruins Pyramid from Giza to Dahshur of Egypt is the World Cultural Heritage in 1979.

Memphis & Population Pyramid Ruins from Giza to Dahshur - World cultural heritage in Egypt

Memphis was originally the capital of Egypt around 3000 BC. Remains of the capital of Memphis today are located 19 km south of Cairo, on the west bank of the Nile. The city was founded by King Menes, with more than 30,000 inhabitants, which was the largest settlement in the world during that period.

Of the 7 wonders of the ancient world, there is only the Giza Pyramid still existing today. Although it was not intact and lost many layers of white limestone casing, many of the outer parts of the pyramid were cracked and broken, and the temples surrounding the pyramid also collapsed. much crumbling but all that does not affect much to the grandeur of the wonders of the Giza Pyramid world. Amid the vast desert, Giza Pyramid rose up to everyone who had seen it. Scientists until today have not been surprised and questioned how the ancient Egyptians created it to be able to complete this massive project.

In fact Giza is the name of a plateau in ancient Egypt, the Giza plateau was chosen because of its sweeping view towards the Nile valley and on the West Bank - the West often coupled with the setting sun and the death. In addition, the white limestone range in this area helps create a solid foundation to withstand the massive weight of the building. At the same time, the Giza plateau also has a surplus of raw materials for the construction of solid core parts for large projects. Ancient Egypt actually has more than 80 pyramids built over a period of 100 years, the largest of which is the pyramids at Giza and the largest pyramid complex among the pyramids in the area. This area is named after Giza.

The large pyramids in the area from Giza to Dahshur are still relatively intact if viewed from the outside.Due to the weather, climate and time are too ancient, the damage such as erosion, erosion . cannot be avoided.

The Pyramid of Giza was built by three kings of the fourth dynasty: Khufu (also known as Cheops), Khafre (Chephren) and Menkaure (Mycerinus). The largest pyramid of Khufu (about 2551-28 BC) is also known as the Great Pyramid . With more than 4,000 years old, this is the highest built building in the world. Khufu Pyramid is unique in its intricate arrangement. There are three inner chambers: the lowest room is made up of stone layers beneath the pyramid while the two upper rooms are built inside the pyramid. The king's room was completely lined up with granite, and inside there was a stone coffin of the same type. Above the king's room were five entertainment rooms, with a roof with huge granite beams, designed to deflect the weight of the pyramid from the ceiling of the burial room, in the Large Corridor leading to the room. of the king, the last end is supported by a key beam. About 20cm2 narrow pillars lead from the two upper chambers and head straight down to the constellation Orion , and the stars in the horizon, helping the ice king's soul go to these stars.
The rooms inside the Khafre and Menkaure pyramids are below the ground, dug from the bedrock. Khafre pyramid has only two simple rooms with closed ceilings, while the Menkaure pyramid has a small but more complex array of rooms and walkways, one of which is decorated .

At Saqqara and Dashur, there are prominent Pyramids: Red Pyramid, Broken Pyramid and Ladder Pyramid.

The red pyramid at Dashur was built from the 4th dynasty for Pharaoh Sneferu between 2640 and 2620 BC, the name of the pyramid in the color of the stones. The first perfect pyramid and the tomb of Pharaoh Sneferu, with its present height of 104m, this is the third and third highest pyramid (in volume) in all of Egypt's pyramids. ancient.

The broken pyramid is also in Dashur and close to the Red Pyramid. This is the second great port of Pharaoh Sneferu, demonstrating the early period of the Pyramids. The bottom part of this Pyramid is built with a tilt of about 58 °, the middle part is tilted about 54 ° but the top is only 43 °. Built on soft clay, unable to withstand the weight of millions of giant stones, the walls of the cracked pyramid are inevitable.

Step-Pyramid is located at Saqqara. This pyramid is the tomb of Pharaoh Dioser and the first terraced pyramid in Egypt, built in 2650 BC. This construction model is mastaba - a grave type in the form of a flat rectangular mound and inclined slope. The work was originally planned as a square mastaba, but was expanded into a four-step pyramid and finally completed a rectangular base pyramid with 6 steps.

The Pyramid Complex is located at Abu Rawash, a few kilometers north of the Pyramids of Giza. This area currently only has the remarkable Djedefre Pyramid, but it is a ruin. Lepsius Pyramid is only a mound of mud bricks.The Djedefre pyramid , originally 67m tall, however, was greatly damaged, is now a mere stone pile.

The Pyramid population in Abusir, including relics of great historical value, are quite far away from us (some pyramids are dated to about 4,000 years ago). The population of the Abusir Pyramid lies on the left bank of the Nile River, between the Giza and Saqqara populations.The Sahure pyramid , 48 meters high, has a square base of 78.5 meters, dating back to the 5th dynasty of ancient Egypt and is now known as the oldest pyramid in this complex. This pyramid was built on a platform with at least two layers of white limestone mined from the Maasara quarry there. Particularly the core is located on 6 l of limestone cliffs and more notably, this pyramid does not completely have a square bottom like other pyramids and the corridors enter into steps. And the front yard of the pyramid has 16 columns of pure red ganite stone engraved with the Pharaoh Sahure.

In the area of ​​Giza to Dahshur there are many other large and small pyramids, but most have been damaged more or less due to time and climate. All of these pyramids constitute a unique pyramid complex, a tomb, becoming a private image of Egypt. The pyramids and the stories surrounding it are still many mysteries, curious for not only tourists but also for scholars to continue to explore. Speaking of Egypt, of course, the first thing people talk about is the pyramids and mysterious stories about parades, and because of that, the area is one of the most attractive tourist attractions in the world. .