New way to diagnose and treat tuberculosis

Tuberculosis is a chronic pulmonary tuberculosis characterized by fibrosis and fibrous lesions around the cave. This is also the last form of tuberculosis of primary tuberculosis, which is most likely to spread because it is frequently present in sputum of patients.

X-ray images of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis
(Photo: unboundedmedicine)

The forms of pulmonary tuberculosis originating to form fibrous tuberculosis are infectious tuberculosis with cavities, pneumococcal pneumonia, pulmonary tuberculosis, cavernous tuberculosis, and tuberculosis. The cause of the above-mentioned forms of pulmonary tuberculosis transformed into cirrhosis is due to impaired patient's immune response ability, patients are diagnosed with late TB diagnosis and improper treatment of TB. coordinate enough drugs, not continuous enough prescribed time from 6-8 months.

In adults as well as the elderly, tuberculosis and tuberculosis are the most common cases, accounting for nearly 80%. Most of these were detected late after 12 months due to limited diagnosis and detection of health facilities.

In order to overcome this situation, Hospital 103 has recently made new steps in diagnosing the disease, making treatment more effective. Experience has shown that the first diagnosis based on the history of people who have TB for 6 months to 1 year often have progressive episodes such as coughing, high fever or mild fever in the long term, coughing up blood, dyspnea, weight loss, night sweats, poor sleep, fatigue, intoxication with alternating periods of stability. The pulmonary examination sounded like a raspy, loud, grainy, drooling, alveolar, and alveolar murmur of the alveoli, puffy breasts, perforated chisel. The extent of damage is wide on both sides of the lungs. The results of chest x-ray are straight and tilted, there are many cavities, round or distorted shape, from small to large. Large caves occupy over 50%. There are many giant caves, more than 6 cm in size, located mainly in lobes on one or both sides of the lungs. There are patients, on the film also saw many lesions of fibrosis around the cavity, pleural fibrosis caused traction of the trachea, mediastinum, navel, heart, diaphragm round to make the ribs space narrowed. In order to accurately determine the number of cavities, caves, cavernous form, focal position of the cavity, all patients were chest scanned tomography and soft bronchoscopy examination. When accurate diagnosis results are available, the hospital offers specific treatment regimens for each case.

The goal of treating tuberculosis is to make the lesions stable, the tuberculosis intoxication and tuberculosis bacilli. According to experience, before treatment, patients are examined and analyzed by doctors to determine which anti-TB drugs are likely to be resistant. At the same time, the patient will be treated with at least 2-3-4 drugs with susceptible tubercle bacilli.

To use drugs that are effective but safe, patients are tested for liver enzymes, blood uric acid, urea, creatinine in blood, urine, ear and eye examination. Drugs that hospitals 103 used in the treatment of hangar tuberculosis are rifampicin, pyrazinamide, ethambutol in combination with secondary anti-tuberculosis drugs such as ciproflo Xacin tablets 500 mg, kanamycin intramuscularly, ethionamid tablets and cycloserin.

For patients who were hospitalized before being hospitalized, drug-resistant tuberculosis was required, requiring longer treatment, about 12-18 months after the bacilli became negative in sputum. For patients after 6 months of treatment, non-negative tuberculosis can be bacilli, or people with tuberculous lesions on one side of the lungs, health and lung function are relatively good, there will be indications of surgical resection Lung lobe or cut one side of lungs. With the experience of diagnosis and active treatment on the Hospital 103, in the past time, many patients with fibrosis have progressed well, and their health has recovered quickly.

Professor - Dr. Bui Xuan Tam