Test AND and the secret of Viking empire

Mysterious remains of the floor

Before building a building for student housing at one of the 38 Oxford University colleges, archaeologists were invited to the construction site which is being prepared in January 2008. After A few hours of digging, one of the archaeologists discovered the vestiges of a religious complex dating back to about 4,000 years ago, a piece of earthen walls built by the late Neolithic tribe, perhaps this is the site of worshiping the Sun god from ancient times.

With a measuring diameter of 122 meters, the temple has been found to be one of Britain's largest Prehistoric temples. Next, archaeologists also found a few holes that bury quite a lot of broken ceramic objects and pieces of food from here that lead to the hypothesis that the ancients used pits This is a waste disposal site. More interestingly, by digging into artifacts makes archaeologists believe that it is possible to draw a detailed picture of the daily life of the Middle Ages.

British archaeologists are seeing traces of prehistoric times in England's Dorset County, which is a huge tomb with at least 54 male remains found.

They also discovered bones, this is exactly the old bones. Sean Wallis from the Thames Valley Archeology Department (TVAS), the unit responsible for excavation, said: ' At first, we thought that those bones belonged to one person. Next, we were surprised to discover that those remains lie above the other remains lying underground. If you continue digging, you will definitely find more human bones and more artifacts. We not only found traces of an ancient prehistoric temple from 4,000 years old but more importantly touched a giant tomb '.

After a month of digging into the huge graveyard and taking up to two years to do a detailed laboratory test, the researchers came up with the results that there were 34 to 38 people buried in the same tomb, they are all victims of a hideous crime. Twenty sets of remains were found with their spine and pelvic fractures and 27 cracked or broken skulls with very serious head injuries. Detailing the ribs, at least more than a dozen bones were stabbed with fatal stab wounds from behind. A skeleton showed signs of being chopped off.

Carbon radioactivity analysis from bone fragments has provided archaeologists with evidence that these victims died between 960 and 1020, at the same time as the military regime. Anglo-Saxon owners are at the peak of power.

Originating from Germany, the Anglo-Saxons invaded England for six centuries, after the Roman Empire fell into chaos. The Anglo-Saxons built their own capitals and converted to Catholicism.

After decades of conflict, Britain reestablished its domestic political balance in the 10th century under the reign of King Edgar Hoa Binh. But ' peace ' is just a symbolic word because actually executions still take place.

British archaeologists have discovered about 20 ' death cemeteries ' across the UK, an estimated 3% of the male population has been annihilated. Only a place like in East Yorkshire found six men who were beheaded. However, the graveyard at Oxford archaeologists did not find any sign of beheading, it was like those who had died for centuries. And the executed victims also have completely different ages and conditions. The remains at Oxford belong to men of war age ranging from 16 to 35 years old. Further tests have shown that most victims have a perfectly healthy condition. Some victims were burned on the head, back, pelvic area and arms. Tests also showed that male victims ate more fish and crabs than Anglo-Saxons.

Pillage is the foundation that forms the Viking empire

Further tests also brought shocking information, the grave that buried the true giant was the place where Viking warriors were buried! At the end of the 8th century, Viking - a breed of Scandinavian people from Denmark, Norway and Sweden, began a 300-year battle with acts of looting and piracy, rampaging. and spread throughout Europe. Some scholars argue that the change in political structure has pushed Viking leaders to seek new sources of income through foreign conquests. Another equally compelling reason is that the achievements of the shipbuilding industry have facilitated long voyages - allowing Vikings to establish a far-reaching trading network. to the Mediterranean region. But when the economic downturn hit Europe in the 9th century, the Vikings moved their operations from trafficking into brutal looting at sea or wherever they came.

Most historians believe that Britain is more heavily damaged than other European nations. In 793, the Vikings landed in a defenseless seminary community in Lindisfarne, northeastern England. Alcuin of York, a scholar specializing in Anglo-Saxon studies, noted this intense raid: 'Our father used to live in Lindisfarne for almost 350 years and never imagined a day. a group of terrorists dared to assault on England, but unexpectedly came true when pagans came to this land. St. Church Cuthbert at Lindisfarne dyed the blood of pious sheep for God . ' Also in the book ' The Anglo-Saxon Annals ' - a prequel to contemporary history, it has been noted that the Vikings made about 50 crusades and devastating looting, as well as destroying and destroying any what they went through. Dublin, one of the Viking empire's largest cities on the British Isles, has become one of Europe's largest slave trade centers, where historians estimate there are about 10,000 Irish, Scottish, and Anglo-Americans. Saxon and other peoples were kidnapped, then bought and sold through hands as a commodity no less.

Simon Keynes, Anglo-Saxon history professor at Cambridge University, said: ' In many ways, the Vikings are a medieval criminal organization. They often focus on large-scale looting, using force to carry out acts to squeeze a large amount of silver metal from England and some other vulnerable countries in the region. West Europe. Surely the Vikings are willing to do everything to achieve the highest goals '.

Dagfinn Skre, professor of archeology at the University of Oslo (Norway) said: ' The Viking role has a wide range of influences .' Between the 6th and 9th centuries, Vikings on Scandinavia preferred living in a unified organization, which was ' a close but not too tight coalition '. Only one Kingdom of the Anglo-Saxon, Wessex, ruled by Alfred the Great, could stand in the Viking invasion. Alfred and his son Edward, built a system of troops and navies through a network of fortified fortresses. It was Edward and his power successors who united England from the Vikings.

The victim in the giant tomb was savagely massacred?

After decades of peace, the Vikings invaded the Second Kingdom in 980 AD. At the same time, the ruler of the Anglo-Saxon empire was King Aethelred the Unraed, he was the heir to the career of King Alfred the Great and King Edgar Hoa Binh.

In the 12th century, the historian William of Malmesbury wrote about King Aethelred the Unraed as follows: ' The king ruled the whole nation with the domineering right from the time of the throne, working with the country in middle age and causing disgrace for the whole nation when it gets old . ' In order to prevent an imminent war, King Aethelred paid the Vikings some silver equivalent of £ 26,000 over the years 991 and 994. In early 1002, to prevent Vikings from returning to attack England, King Aethelred then " bribed " the Vikings with the amount of £ 24,000.

The geopolitics of England has changed since King Aethelred established an alliance with Normandy by marrying the sister of the Duke of Normandy in 1002. The data from the laboratory showed that these victims have been buried for more than 1,000 years, have eaten a lot of seafood before dying , plus burnt burns on the bones and other signs, making archaeologists believe that victims in the giant tomb above may be the victim of the St. St. Massacre. Brice. In this horrific massacre, the Danes were the main victims who were killed so badly in the UK, which took place on St. Petersburg. Brice (November 13, 1002) at King Ethelred the Unready's order. Mr. Wallis, an archaeologist at Oxford, speculated that perhaps the British people had put the corpses on wagons and transported through the North Gate of Oxford City, then buried these corpses on the ground. today belongs to Balliol College of Oxford.

The source of crime and a mighty empire

One year after the discovery of the giant tomb, a team of investigators from Oxford Archaeological Institute in turn discovered a trace of a prehistoric site about 90 miles from Dorset (England). To the southwest, near Weymouth, where they discovered a second giant grave. This tomb contains 54 remains, all male remains, victims are warriors, all of them They were all beheaded with sharp weapons, possibly with swords. Dental testing of victims showed that they were Scandinavian.

Examination of oxygen atoms in the teeth of the victims resulted in them coming from cold countries (including a victim from the Arctic Circle). The Radiocarbon test showed the time the victims died between 910 and 1030, during which the Vikings developed their influence in the UK during the periods of 980 and 1009. There were traces of chalk marks, maybe the remains were excavated several hundred years ago, probably during the Roman period. Archaeologists believe that the Vikings brought the victims here to execute.

The discovery of two giant tombs has contributed to solving the question that once annoyed historians. It was for centuries after the St. Massacre. Brice, many chronicle books believe that the Danish community living in England is the main victim of the bloody murder. But recently the massacre was viewed from the perspective of police action against those who plotted to harm the government. Victims in the tombs are clearly rebel rebels.

On the other hand, based on historical data, it was found that among the victims of King Aethelred, they shared the same blood relationship with the Danish aristocracy. The Danes conquered England in 1016. Canute, Svein's son, who had risen to the top of the noble crown at St. Cathedral. Paul in London (England) in January 1017. In Scandinavia, in September 1066, he declared against England, less than 2 weeks later, William ' Conqueror ' was Duke of Normandy, proceeding planning to invade his own England. But then the Anglo-Saxon grew up, chasing Scandinavian people, creating a modern England whose empire had time to cover half of the Earth.