The strange thing hidden behind pi

Although pi is made up of endless series of unpredictable numbers, it is not random numbers like we think. Pi numbers actually contain all kinds of surprising models.

Over thousands of years of research, mathematicians still work hard to find the mysteries of pi (π) . Pi numbers are known for values ​​of 3.14 and after the decimal point there are more than 13 billion digits. This is the researchers' attempt to make pi more accurate.

Since the 18th century, people have known that they can never calculate all the digits of pi. Because pi is an irrational number that continues infinitely and there is no certain rule.

In 1888, the logician John Venn - who created the Venn diagram, attempted to visually point out: the digits behind the decimal point of pi are completely random. He drew a graph showing the first 707 decimal places. He uses straight lines with direction arrows to indicate the digits 0 to 7 and then draws straight lines to show the path of each number.

Venn has done this work with pen and paper but today modern technology has helped create more detailed and beautiful models.

Although pi is made up of endless series of unpredictable numbers, it is not random numbers like we think. Pi numbers actually contain all kinds of surprising models.

There are many strange things about pi numbers that are unknown.(Photo: Netflix).

Normal but not random

The reason we can't call pi numbers is random because its digits are determined correctly and fixed. For example, the second decimal place in pi is always 4. So, you cannot ask if other numbers can be placed in this position? This is not a random position.

But we can ask a related question: "Is Pi a normal number?" A decimal number is considered normal when each sequence of digits has the same probability of appearing, making them appear random - though the truth is not.

By looking at the digits of pi and applying statistical tests, can we try to determine whether pi is a normal number? From the tests taken so far, this is still a question without a final answer.

For example, in 2003 Yasumasa Canada published a statistic of the number of occurrences of different digits in one billion of the first digits of pi:

Number / Number of occurrences

1. 0 / 99,999,485,134
2. 1 / 99,999,945,664
3. 2 / 100,000,480,057
4. 3 / 99,999,787,805
5. 4 / 100,000,357,857
6. 5 / 99,999,671,008
7. 6 / 99,999,807,503
8. 7 / 99,999,818,723
9. 8 / 100,000,791,469
10. 9 / 99,999,854,780

Total 1,000,000,000,000

The results of his research imply that these numbers seem to be distributed quite evenly. However, it is not enough to prove that all pi numbers are normal.

Each number sequence

There is a surprising fact that if pi is a normal number, for any number you can name, you can find it in pi. For example, in position 768 in pi digits, there are six 9s that appear consecutively. The chance for this to happen (provided pi is normal) and each string of n digits can happen equally - is 0.08%.

After Richard Feynman's Nobel Prize, this nine-digit group is called the "Feynman point" . Feynman used to joke that, if he had to read the pi digits again, he would name them and then call "etc".

Other interesting numbers were also found. At position 17.387.594.880 you find the number 0123456789, and surprisingly at position 60 you find these ten digits sorted in order.

Searchers and pi researchers asked the question: "Where can I find pi numbers?" If you want to check whether the special digits are pi, you can use the free online software called Pi birthdays.

Number pi (symbol: π) is a mathematical constant that is equal to the ratio of the circumference of a circle to the diameter of the circle. This constant has an approximate value of 3.14159265358979. It is represented by the Greek letter π from the mid-18th century.