World's largest CO2 heat pump can heat 25,000 homes

MAN Energy Solutions' heat pump system uses a combination of renewable energy sources to provide heat for 25,000 households.

The world's largest CO2- based seawater heat pump has started operating in the Danish port of Esbjerg. The technology developed by Swiss company MAN Energy Solutions represents a step towards decarbonizing infrastructure and provides an example for cities looking to reduce their environmental impact, Interesting Engineering reported on December 1.

Picture 1 of World's largest CO2 heat pump can heat 25,000 homes
MAN Energy Solutions' seawater heat pump system. (Photo: MAN Energy Solutions)

The 70 MW heat pump is a key part of a wider strategy to reduce dependence on fossil fuels. This innovative heat pump facility uses renewable energy, harnessing heat from seawater and a nearby wind farm to provide heat to 25,000 homes. The plant will provide 280 MWh of heat annually, while reducing CO2 emissions by 120,000 tonnes per year.

According to MAN Energy Solutions, their technology provides an option for other residential centres to explore heating solutions. The project is significant not only because of the scale of the CO2 heat pump but also because of its ability to integrate different energy sources.

The facility incorporates a 60 MW wood chip boiler, ensuring a continuous supply of renewable energy. Another 40 MW electric boiler enhances the system's resilience, meeting peak demand and serving as a back-up heating solution. The use of CO2 as a refrigerant in the heat pump highlights the project's environmental impact. CO2 is a safer and more sustainable option than traditional refrigerants.

In addition to environmental benefits, the system is designed to be highly efficient and grid-stable. It can adjust to changes in energy demand. The system can be turned on and off multiple times a day with rapid response.

The new heat pump system is equipped with two sealed HOFIM compressors and motors developed by MAN Energy Solutions. The equipment uses high-speed motors and active magnetic bearings, so it does not require oil and requires little maintenance. In addition, the system also features remote monitoring and data diagnostic analysis, helping to ensure optimal performance.