For a clean, high-yield coffee garden

Mr. Nguyen Van Du, working at Gia Lai Department of Agriculture and Rural Development due to his passion for research, self-study, has drawn a lot of experience in growing clean, low-cost coffee but with productivity and efficiency. Very high economy. Currently, his coffee garden produces 25 tons of fresh fruit per hectare, with a total cost of about 25 million VND / ha / year. As the current price, he earns more than 70 million VND / ha every year.

Through practice, Mr. Du's orchard can draw some reasonable cultivation methods:

- Regarding seedlings , from the time of new planting, we must focus on selecting good varieties. In the cultivation process, it is necessary to regularly apply technical advances in pruning and cutting in a timely manner and in accordance with technical requirements, making coffee plants have a well developed, healthy and balanced canopy. ventilation. In addition, every year, it is necessary to select and transplant buds to remove trees with small fruits, trees with rust, and trees with tough bunches of fruits . The source of scion wood can choose 'Miss trees'. 'right in the garden. Techniques of shaping, creating canopies, and transplanting coffee buds need to be as skillful as those of bonsai artists.

- Regarding prevention and treatment of diseases , fully apply biological measures, no need for pesticides. For plants infected with rust, it is necessary to carry out bud transplantation of healthy and disease-free plants. For all kinds of dry branches and fruits, it is necessary to provide sufficient nutrients and minerals; create branches, create uniform, healthy, light enough. For aphids, according to Du, the cause of transmission is ants. First types of aphids suck the sap, creating bile sugar. The types of ants will parasite eat the sugar of aphids, thus bringing eggs to spread throughout the garden. Next, the amount of excess sugar of bed bugs is a fertile soil generating black soot, limiting the ability photosynthesis of trees. To effectively kill bed bugs, just trap all the ants in the garden by the following method: Grind 05 - 1 kg of live lard (or fry the water to freeze), mix well with 1 Regent package 1.6 g, use topical up coffee root. Ants eat fat and the medicine will die. This is a very effective measure to kill ants, except aphids and create favorable conditions for the care of coffee harvests not attacked by all kinds of ants.

- Especially on the stage of fertilizing , if done well, it will both reduce the price and produce high productivity. According to Mr. Du's experience, the starting point is 2 tons of coffee beans / ha. At this level, 180 kg of raw nitrogen (400 kg of urea), 180 kg of potassium (K ₂ O), 120 kg of pure phosphorus (P ₂ O ₅ ) is needed. For every 1 ton of green coffee, 70 kg of nitrogen, 90 kg of potassium, and 20 kg of phosphate are required. The application of phosphate should use Van Dien melting fertilizer, because it has added lime and many micro-elements such as Manganese, copper, zinc, Bo . Fertilizing nitrogen should use 1 amount of sun Phat protein (SA) at the beginning of the year to supply more sulfur to the tree. The minimum amount of SA applied is 200 kg, maximum of 400 kg / 1ha. The rest of the demand for protein is balanced by urea.

The amount of organic fertilizer can be used to fertilize cow, pig or green presses, and apply coffee husk. Can be applied completely with coffee husk by the following method: Use 60 m ³ of rice husk for 1 ha. Coffee husk is gathered to pile, using wet water for fermentation to decompose and kill pathogens in half a month, then apply directly to the tree (can also wait for the rain to be wet, piled up yeast). In addition, when cutting branches to create canopy, it is necessary to chop off waste coffee branches into 20 cm sections, spread evenly into tree stumps. Branches and leaves of coffee will gradually fade, while supplementing nutrition for plants, creating ventilation, porous soil, and anti-weed very well. Two to three years, liming once every 500 kg / ha.