How does the train work?

The tram has a single slide that collects energy from the overhead line to power an induction motor. The robot of the induction motor is connected to the wheels, and the other end of the motor is grounded by a wire connected to the wheels through a brush to form a closed circuit. The wheel is always in contact with the track, and the track is grounded.

The voltage transmitted in the overhead line is very large, up to 25kV but the motor operates at much lower voltage. Therefore, in order to convert the voltage down to the desired level, a step-down transformer needs to be powered.

Power from the overhead line initially passes through the primary winding of the transformer and here the circuit is closed by grounding.

The three-phase induction motor is the perfect choice for achieving high uniform torque requirements. But the system of receiving three-phase power from the grid is expensive, so rectifiers and inverters are used to convert 1-phase power to 3-phase. A rectifier converts single-phase AC power into a DC grid. The inverter then converts the DC into three-phase AC. Add pairs of wheels and engines to make the train pull more cars.

A motor kit is built with three three-phase induction motors. The phantograph frame unit performs the task of getting electrical energy for the ship. Based on the pressure of the pneumatic system, the pantograph can adjust its height.

If for some reason the phantograph is disconnected from the wire, the train will run freely for several kilometers due to its great inertia. We can control the speed by varying the frequency of the induction motor power supply. This is done by rectifiers and inverters. When the driver places the lever on another track to change the frequency. From there, the speed of the motor will also change.

This can apply an electric brake to cut off power to the motor. Then press the pneumatic brake to bring the train to a complete stop. Pneumatic brakes are fitted in each carriage under each pair of wheels. An auxiliary coil is placed in the transformer to power all the carriages