It is unclear what the unintended effects of radiation are

Radiation definitely causes thyroid cancer, which can cause leukemia. Too much radiation increases the risk of cancer in the years after exposure. But the amount of radiation is how long the exposure is dangerous is still what scientists have not agreed on.

' Incomplete scientific data. I feel that the proportion of other types of cancer has also increased, but there is not enough evidence to prove it , 'said Dr. Fred Mettler, a scientist at the University of New Mexico and head of the UN research team on the health consequences of Chernobyl, said.

Radiation test for people.

The US Environmental Protection Agency says that no radiation levels above 3-6 millisievert per year that we are exposed to in normal environments are absolutely safe. In contrast, the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission said that doses below 100 millisievert for many years did not pose a risk.

The researchers have no real evidence to say the level of danger of low-dose radiation, Kelly Classic, a radiologist at Mayo Hospital and a spokesman for the American Medical Physics Association, said. .

High doses of radiation above 500 millisievert increase the risk of leukemia, breast cancer, bladder, liver, lung, esophagus, ovaries, stomach and marrow.

But the risk of radioactivity between the high and low limits causing problems remains unclear. This also depends on the type of human radioactivity exposed, the age, the ability of the body to recover.

Children are the most susceptible to thyroid cancer. Radioactive iodine is found in the thyroid gland in the neck. Potassium iodine can prevent the body from getting the best radiation exposure if taken within 12 hours after exposure.

Radiation is the phenomenon of some unstable atomic nuclei transforming themselves and emitting nuclear radiation (often called radioactive rays). Radioactive atoms are called radioactive isotopes, while non-radioactive atoms are called stable isotopes. Chemical elements include only radioactive isotopes (without stable isotopes) called radioactive elements.

Radiation can be a bunch of positively charged particles like alpha particles, protons; negative electric charge like electron beam (beta radioactivity); not carrying electricity like neutron particles, gamma rays (light-like in nature but much larger in energy). Such self-transformation of the atomic nucleus, often called radioactive decay or nuclear decay.

Self-fission is the nuclear process of radioactive atoms with large masses. For example, uranium breaks itself into nuclear fragments accompanied by the release of neutrons and some other elementary particles, which are also a form of nuclear decay.

In nuclear fission and nuclear decay, there is a mass loss, ie the total mass of the particles formed is smaller than the original nuclear mass. This wasted mass is transformed into enormous energy calculated by Albert Einstein's famous formula E = mc² where E is the energy released by nuclear decay, m is the mass loss and c = 298 000 000 m / s is the speed of light in a vacuum.