Soil degradation, desertification risk in Central Vietnam

According to the investigation and research of the Land Planning Center (Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment), the Central region has 12 soil groups, 49 soil types, low fertility soil, most of the area is sloping land (about 80%). ) and land has problems such as salinity, alum, silver gray.

Soil degradation (Artwork)

In this area, there has been a large area of ​​degraded land, including soil and gravel erosion of high desertification.

Specialized scientists assess that the process of soil degradation leading to desertification in the Central region is due to the strong erosion and leaching process that occurs in the rainy season every year. High rainfall concentrates on mountainous and semi-mountainous areas with high slopes, which are heavily affected by Quang Binh, Quang Tri, Quang Ngai, Binh Dinh and Ninh Thuan .

The process of sand flying, sand flowing occurs in coastal areas where sand dunes are subject to sea breeze. This prolonged situation is a risk of local desertification in the Central region.

In many places laterite is exposed on the ground because the soil on the laterite bed is degraded, poor in nutrition. This type of stone is exploited by people as construction materials. The process of soil degradation poses a risk of four types of typical desertification in Central Vietnam such as semi-desert sand, semi-deserted gravel, semi-salt desert and semi-deserted desert land.

In the context of climate change which is becoming more complicated, hot, prolonged in the provinces of Thanh Hoa, Nghe An, Phu Yen, Binh Thuan . requires communities to pay more attention. finding solutions to prevent soil degradation, leading to desertification in the Central region.

But most practical is still a measure to overcome the indiscriminate exploitation of watershed protection forests and coastal mangrove forests. Localities quickly implemented the program to develop 5 million hectares of forests, in order to quickly cover bare land and denuded hills and mountains, especially for the Central region.

The Natural Resources and Environment sector recommends localities to use land plannings in a sustainable manner, based on the study of geography and ecological synthesis of soil degradation, suitable to each region, contributing to limiting the situation. Soil degradation leads to the risk of desertification in the Central region.