Environment
How Do Weather Forecasting Models Work?
Weather forecasting models are computer simulations that estimate how the atmosphere will evolve from an analyzed starting state. They translate physical laws into numer…
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Space science
How Do Scientists Forecast Auroras?
Aurora forecasts combine measurements of the Sun and solar wind with models of Earth's magnetosphere. Scientists are not predicting a fixed light show at a precise stree…
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What Is the Higgs Boson?
The Higgs boson is the quantum excitation of the Higgs field, a field that fills space and is central to how elementary particles acquire mass in the Standard Model.
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What Is the Standard Model of Particle Physics?
The Standard Model is the quantum theory that describes known elementary particles and the electromagnetic, weak and strong interactions among them, but it does not incl…
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What Is Particle Physics?
Particle physics studies the fundamental constituents of matter and radiation, the forces that act between them, and the high-energy processes that reveal how nature wor…
AI - Artificial intelligence
How AI Is Used in Drug Discovery
AI can help drug researchers search chemical space, identify targets, predict molecular properties, design candidate molecules, and prioritize experiments, but laborator…
AI - Artificial intelligence
How AI Is Used in Weather Forecasting
AI weather models learn patterns from historical atmospheric data and can produce forecasts quickly, complementing the physics-based numerical models used by meteorologi…
AI - Artificial intelligence
What Are Foundation Models in AI?
Foundation models are AI models trained on broad data so they can be adapted to many downstream tasks rather than being built for only one narrow job.
AI - Artificial intelligence
What Are Large Language Models?
Large language models are machine-learning models trained on large text collections to predict and generate language, often using the transformer architecture.
AI - Artificial intelligence
AI for Science: How AI Is Changing Scientific Research
AI for science uses machine learning, foundation models and research agents to analyze data, propose models, guide experiments and accelerate parts of scientific discove…
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What Are Quarks?
Quarks are elementary particles that carry electric and color charge. They bind through the strong interaction to form hadrons such as protons and neutrons.
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What Are Neutrinos?
Neutrinos are electrically neutral elementary particles with extremely small masses that interact through the weak force and gravity.
AI - Artificial intelligence
What Is Embodied AI?
Embodied AI studies intelligent agents that perceive and act through a physical or simulated body, grounding learning and reasoning in interaction with an environment.
AI - Artificial intelligence
What Is Agentic AI? How AI Agents Work
Agentic AI describes AI systems that can pursue goals through planning, tool use, actions and feedback. AI agents are concrete systems that implement this pattern with m…
AI - Artificial intelligence
What Is Generative AI and How Does It Work?
Generative AI learns patterns from large datasets and uses those patterns to create new text, images, audio, code, and other content.