Techniques for growing flowers in the garden

Flowering and growing flowers bring high economic benefits to farmers. With the proper implementation of steps in the flower care process, growers will get beautiful flowers and fragrant flowers and give a high price.

Lilies are temperate flowers, suitable for growing in cool climates. Lilies are often used for the purpose of decorating houses and offices, especially in the holidays and special occasions because of the fragrance and durability of flowers. With the proper implementation of the steps in the flowering technique, growers will get the most beautiful lilies.

Knowing the techniques of planting standard flowers will help flower growers get the most brilliant flowers.

Temperature

Lily is a plant that is resistant to cold weather, is poor in heat, enjoys a cool and humid climate, suitable temperature during the day is 20-25 degrees Celsius, at night is 12-15 degrees Celsius. Day temperature 25-28 degrees C, night 18-20 degrees C. Under 120 degrees C, plants grow poorly, flowers are susceptible to blindness. From the appearance of buds to flowering, the day / night difference in temperature affects the growth of the body. If the difference from 0 degrees C to 16 degrees C, the height of the tree ranges from 14.2 to 27cm.

The light

Lily is a tree that likes light intensity at medium level, light intensity suitable from 12-15 thousand lux. In summer with Asian lily group and fragrant lily need to cover 50% of the light, the Eastern group should cover 70% of the light. In contrast, grow in a net house in the winter, the light is not enough, the stamen will produce ethylene, resulting in the bud falling. Especially the Asian hybrid group is very sensitive to lack of light, so need to remove the mesh cover to enhance the natural light for the tree.

Humidity

In the early period, many plants are in need of water, the flowering period needs water to be reduced because the water of many tubers is easy to rot and lose buds. Lily likes wet air, the most appropriate humidity is 80-85%.

Natural conditions play an important role in flower growing techniques.

Air

Lily is quite susceptible to ethylene gas, but the sensitivity of the varieties is very different: Asian varieties are more sensitive to ethylene than other strains.

Choose varieties and tubers

Use tubers that are preserved for a long time and you should choose fat ones, big and round, without any pests and no germination. Soak the tubers in Daconil 75WP solution for 5 to 10 minutes to eliminate fungal diseases. Mix one pack of Daconil 10g with 8 liters of clean water, soak the tubers and then take them out to drain and bring them into pots.

Determine the planting season

In Dalat, growing in greenhouses can be grown all year round. It is necessary to calculate the growth time of each variety and forecast the weather for planting with blooming flowers as expected.

Time from planting to harvest of some varieties in Da Lat

Choose land

Lily can be grown on a variety of soils, but the soil is rich in humus, light soils are the best. Lily is a plant with shallow roots so the soil is drained, very porous.

Asian hybrids and fragrant lily hybrids require an appropriate pH of 6-7, the varieties belonging to the Orient group require a pH of 5.5-6.5.Preparing the price into pots according to the formula: 1 part of soil sa with 1 manure of composted litter and 2 parts of treated coconut fiber removed fangs, pay attention to mix well before putting in pots.

Flower planting techniques

Attention should be paid to the step of selecting soil and mixing the substrate in the process of planting flowers.

It is best to grow lilies in cool conditions, morning from 6-9 h in the afternoon from 14h onwards. Put ½ of the mixed soil in the flower pot, place the neat bulbs, sprout upwards. Add ½ of the remaining soil to the pot and lightly water. Lightly compress the soil and hold the tuber firmly before moving the pot.

Planting density

Planting density must be based on the type of tuber, the size of the bulb and the weather. For large and tall varieties, it is advisable to plant sparse, low-plant varieties, then grow thickly; In the Spring and Autumn crops, the full light crop can be grown in a thick, low-light winter crop. Usually grown with a distance of 15-20cm from the tree and a density of 20-40 roots / m2. Can refer to the density in the following table:

Planting density with seed size and size

How to care

During the growth period of lily, it is necessary to maintain soil moisture . The soil is too dry to grow slowly. On the contrary, the water is too much, the light is not enough, the leaves are soft, weak, the trees are long and the rate of flowers is high. Can spray rain, drip irrigation. The amount of irrigation water is more or less dependent on soil, air temperature, variety, growth situation of the plant and salt content in the soil. It is recommended to water before 10 am , spray on trees to avoid soil being too moist, while increasing humidity in greenhouses. When plants flower, they are less watered and avoid spraying on trees easily to rot buds and flowers.

Fertilizing, watering

About 2-3 weeks after planting, no fertilizer is required. If the soil is too dry, spray water to maintain soil moisture. It is possible to check by taking the soil by hand, if not going to the water, then tapping lightly but the soil breaks.

The amount of fertilizer calculated for 1 ha:

+ Manure of 60-80 m3; Lime: 1000- 1500 kg

+ The amount of pure inorganic fertilizer: N: 120-150 kg; P205: 120-150 kg; K20: 150-180 kg

It is possible to use fertilizers of single substances converted to pure quantities as above or use complex fertilizers to apply as follows:

+ Basal fertilizing : Whole lime before planting 10-15 days, the last time soil preparation fertilizer manure + 25 kg DAP + 10 kg of Calcium Nitrate.

+ First-time application : 20 days after planting (when plants grow 12-15cm high): Apply 15 kg of NPK 15-9-20.

+ 2nd application : 35 days after planting: 15 kg Complex 12-11-17 + TE combined with stirring and weeding.

+ Top dressing 3 : About 50-55 days after planting: 10 kg Complex 12-11-17 + TE + 10 kg NitraBor + 10 kg MgSO4. After fertilizing, cultivate the soil into the root 3-5cm high and combine with watering.

Then 15 days fertilizer 1 time NPK Complex fertilizer, NPK 7-7-14 quantity from 10-15 kg + 10 kg K2S04.

It is necessary to add foliar and micronutrients to plants.

Care is an indispensable step in the process of growing flowers.

Techniques of reducing and supplementing lighting after planting

Reduce light with black mesh mask as follows: use 1 or 2 layers of black mesh (depending on the condition of each year) to cover the basin from 2.0 - 2.5m. After 15-20 days, remove the black mesh. Depending on the hot weather conditions, the black mesh can be pulled back.

If the lighting conditions are not enough for the plant to grow, flower growers can use additional lighting for 3 hours (18-21h) every day, continuously for 20 days after planting 35-45 days, to reduce the rate of bud and bud deformity.

Determine when to harvest flowers

Flowers should be harvested in the morning for flowers to be fresh

- Time to collect flowers : Cut flowers in the morning to avoid the buds from drying out and limit the keeping dry in net houses (should not exceed one hour). The collection is in the early morning or cool weather to avoid the transpiration of flowers. Absolutely no harvest at noon because at this time high temperature, strong light will make the flower branch wilt quickly

- Bloom : Lily after planting 50-55 days, start buds and after about 2-3 weeks it is possible to harvest. So as soon as the first bud under the original bulges and is colored, it is possible to collect flowers, if collected earlier, the buds will not fully develop, or collect later (some buds have enlarged), flowers are prone crushed. If there are 6 buds on a branch, it is best to cut it when the 2 lower buds are colored.

- Using a sharp knife or scissors to cut, should not cut the flower too low to make the tuber bigger, it is best to cut the ground 10-15cm, leaving 5-6 leaves / tree. After cutting soaked flowers immediately into clean water so that the flowers are not dehydrated .