The magnetic structure of the sun

The Hinode solar observing satellite, this is the latest solar observation program of Japan's JAXA Space Exploration Agency in cooperation with NASA and the Royal Astronomical Research and Astronomy Council. , has just taken pictures that have never been seen before. These pictures show that the sun's magnetic field is more chaotic and dynamic than we previously thought.

Hinode satellite, in Japanese meaning dawn, was launched into orbit on September 23, 2006 to study the sun's magnetic field and how its explosive energy radiated different layers in the floor. atmosphere like.

Dick Fisher, director of NASA's solar physics center, said: 'This is the first time we can understand microscopic particles in hot air that fly up and fall in the released atmosphere. The rising of the sun. These photos will open a new era in studying the phenomena of the sun that affect the earth, astronauts, satellites and solar systems. '

Hinode's three main observations include solar optical telescopes, X-ray telescopes and ultraviolet imaging spectroscopes that are observing different layers of the sun. These studies focus on the atmosphere's atmosphere from the bright atmosphere (the observable layer lies at the surface of the sun) to the corona layer (the outer layer of the atmosphere.)

Images of the sun's chromosphere were taken by the Hinode sun observation satellite on November 20, 2006.It shows that the magnetic structure of the sun radiates vertically from a black point (an area with very high magnetic fields) out of the sun's atmosphere.The solar floor of the sun is a thin layer in the sun's upper atmosphere.It lies between the bright atmosphere (visible surface layer) and the outer atmosphere (corona layer).The chromatic aura is the source of ultraviolet radiation (Photo taken by Hinode satellite. The Japan Space Exploration Agency, NASA and the British Royal Astronomical and Astronomical Research Council)

Thanks to the combined measurements from these three devices, Hinode is ready to show changes in the magnetic structure of the sun and how the magnetic energy in the lower atmosphere of the solar atmosphere passes through the moat optical and radiating into space in the middle of the system.

Bernhard Fleck, scientist for the European Space Agency's SOHO program and Hinode program, said: 'Adding the SOHO program data to Hinode's data will help us better understand the rules. Intense processes that occur on the sun affect the cosmic storms. The support of these two programs will obviously improve our weather forecasting capabilities in the universe. '

Cosmic weather is related to the production of energy particles and the emission of electronic radiation . Such energy explosion processes can stop long-distance communications and interrupt the global positioning system.

Alan Title, a senior member of Lockheed Martin in Palo Alto, California and an advisor to physics professor at Stanford University, Stanford, California, said: 'Photos of Hinode is providing irrefutable evidence for the presence of intense eruptions that push the magnetic field onto the surface of the sun. The result is the creation of a dynamic, full-bodied chromosphere or a cover full of gas around the sun.

By monitoring the evolution of solar structures that outlined the field before, during and after these explosions, the researchers did not hope to find clear evidence to prove that recombination of magnetic fields, this is a process whereby the magnetic fields of different magnetic regions are joined together and create a new form of magnetic field, which is a major cause of explosive activity. this.

JAXA's Hinode satellite image sent on January 12, 2007

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