The solar wind will light up the Earth tonight with an aurora

Robert Rutledge, a forecasting expert at the US Space Weather Center in Colorado, said tonight that the Earth will be affected by a G3 solar storm formed from an unusual black spot the name of the Coronal hole (Japanese hole) , appears when the Sun's magnetic field escapes into the atmosphere along with high-speed winds, on this star's surface.

The solar wind lit the Earth with aurora

It is estimated that the speed of the solar wind towards Earth reaches 1000km / s, which is 2.5 times faster than normal. However, this phenomenon is expected to cause no serious damage to people on Earth but will make differences to astronauts in space.

The solar wind is a stream of charged particles released from the upper part of the Sun. When this wind is emitted from stars other than our Sun, it is also called stellar wind . The solar wind carries electrons and protons at high energies, about 500 KeV, so they are capable of escaping the gravitational pull of stars with this high heat energy.

Many phenomena can be explained by the solar wind, including: magnetic storms, when this charged particle line acts on Earth's magnetic induction lines; aurora phenomenon, produced when particles in the solar wind interact with the planets' magnetic fields and create characteristic colors at night in the sky; the explanation why the comets' tails are always facing the Sun; along with the formation of stars at a distance.

When the solar wind reaches Earth, it has a speed of about 400km / s to 700km / s. It directly affects the Earth's magnetosphere. In front of the magnetosphere, electric currents create a force to block the solar wind and change its direction around the protection belt. The same phenomenon occurs with planets in the solar system with magnetosphere.

The aurora appears to be due to charged particles in the flow of matter from the Sun to the planet, when these particles are exposed to the planet's magnetic field, they are diverted by the effect of the Lorentz force. This force causes particles to move in a spiral orbit along the planet's magnetic induction path. At the two poles the magnetic lines converge and make charged particles follow that into the planet's atmosphere.

When going into the atmosphere, charged particles collide with molecules and atoms in the planet's atmosphere and stimulate these molecules to glow. Because the planet's atmosphere component contains many different gases, when stimulated each type of gas emits light with different wavelengths, ie different colors, thus creating many bright strips with many colors on the bulb. heaven at two poles.

Certain colors of aurora depend on the specific gases of the atmosphere and their charged state as well as the energy of the particles that penetrate the atmosphere's atmosphere. Oxygen atoms are responsible for two main colors, green (wavelength 557,7nm) and red (630,0nm) at high altitudes. Nitrogen produces blue (427,8nm wavelength) as well as red rapidly changing from the lower boundary of active aurora arc.

According to Rutledge, people in Asia, Europe and North America will be able to see this special event if they leave the towns with too much artificial light.The most appropriate time is late at night and late at night.