When do we get to Mars?

Once thought to exist only in movies, the idea of ​​turning a planet into a place where people can live is increasingly being discussed at scientific programs.

Mars is really "a difficult neighbor".

The planet is about 70% the size of the Earth, the atmosphere is mostly carbon dioxide (CO ₂₎ , the average temperature is -62 degrees C. Because the atmosphere is too thin (nearly 100 times thinner than Earth) is not enough to shield Mars so most of it gets all the radiation from the sunlight.

People can hardly live long under these harsh conditions. To lay the foundations of life here, we have to revamp the thicker 'neighbor' atmosphere, and increase the pressure, even creating a breathable atmosphere.

Is Mars a home of our future?(Photo: Cnet).

From hitting the planet to exploding atomic bombs

Besides, to ensure life, the inhabitants of Mars must be able to self-sufficient supplies and water. At the same time, the lands here must be renovated to at least plant.

"If we are really serious about the long-term viability of humanity on Mars, we at least don't turn it into a trailer park (mobile, low-cost housing in the US), " said the Director of the Department of Biology. Biologist at Columbia University Caleb Scharf said.

Most of the current ideas revolve around how we will have to bring a lot of greenhouse gases into Mars' atmosphere by releasing them from the planet's soil and ice.

In 1993, researchers Robert Zubrin and Chris McKay proposed several hypotheses about the possibility of making the red planet alive. One of them is to build giant orbital mirrors that reflect sunlight to Mars. This helps to raise the planet's temperature, melting ice sheets, thereby releasing CO2 into the atmosphere.

In addition, humans can build artificial greenhouse gas plants into the planet's atmosphere. We can also exploit ammonia-rich asteroids by adjusting them to hit Mars.

Elon Musk is one of the prominent names with the idea of ​​renovating Mars.(Photo: Cnet).

Bold ideas don't stop there. SpaceX founder Elon Musk has publicly stated on Twitter: 'Nuke Mars'. He said that detonating nuclear bombs on the planet's two poles would melt the ice, releasing enough CO2 into the air, bringing life to life.

However, the reality shows that turning Mars into a place of life is still not possible. Many questions remain unanswered: How to build a 'giant mirror' in space? How to approach and redirect thousands of asteroids hitting Mars? How to build a factory on the red planet? What happens when we explode the ice sheets while the gas will freeze immediately?

Looking forward to future technology

As these questions gradually came to a dead end, NASA turned its focus to other tasks. Scientists are constantly searching for the best possible ways to bring life to this planet.

According to Cnet, a researcher is exploring the use of aerogels similar to the use of greenhouse gases. Aerogel is an ultra-low density solid, super light and porous, 99% air. This is also a good insulator, NASA has used this compound for Mars research robots. Some experiments have shown many optimistic signals about this novel solid, but Aerogel needs more time and improvements to meet the mission to conquer Mars.

Aerogel was first created by Samuel Stephens Kistler in 1931, the result of a bet with Charles Learned about who could replace the liquid in "jelly" with gas without causing it to shrink.(Photo: Cnet).

Besides, considering the ethical aspect, do we really have the right to do that? In fact, humans can destroy an entire planet. But it is also what causes humanity to destroy most of life on Mars that humanity has neither had the opportunity nor the ability to explore, even many important geological sites of the Solar System will encounter similar tragedies. .

Researcher Robert Zubrin cited what happened in Jules Verne's book 'From the Earth to the Moon' (1865) and 'Flying around the Moon' (1870), describing a ship launched on the Moon. . In fact, the same event took place 100 years later - the Apollo 11 spacecraft was launched into space on July 16, 1969, the first time humans landed on the Moon.

Zubrin says that practically anyone can make assumptions about the process of making Mars a living place in the future. He believes that in the next 100 years, humans will possess remarkable technological achievements, making great leaps in biotechnology, nanorobotics - artificial biological plants that release more oxygen than ever. Normal creatures on Earth.

"They will do it," Zubrin said.

1. Discovered Earth's "living material" on another planet
2. Mars panorama for the first time appears in extremely high resolution image