400 million km, what is the secret between Mars and Earth?

In the vast universe, there is a mysterious connection hidden between Mars and Earth. Connections throughout the universe are filled with wonder and mystery. The distance of 400 million kilometers is not just a number but a thread connecting two worlds.

Basic characteristics of Mars and Earth

Mars is one of the closest planets to Earth in the Solar System. Compared to Earth, Mars has many differences in size, orbit and environment. Mars is half the diameter of Earth , making it the fourth largest planet in the Solar System. This difference in size directly affects the landscape and geomorphological features of Mars.

The mountains and canyons of Mars are larger and wider than those on Earth, such as Olympus Mons which is famous for being the largest volcano on Mars, and it is also taller than any volcano on Earth. At the same time, Mars is also farther from the Sun.

Mars is smaller than Earth, orbits farther than the Sun, and has an extremely harsh surface environment. These characteristics make Mars a challenging and mysterious planet, attracting humans to continue to explore and research. (Photo: Zhihu).

This difference in distance makes the seasons and climate different on Mars than on Earth. Compared to 365 days on Earth, a year on Mars has about 687 days . The seasons on Mars are also more severe and erratic than on Earth.

Mars' atmosphere is thin, only about 1% of Earth's atmosphere. This results in a relatively cold climate on Mars , with average temperatures around minus 80 degrees Celsius. Most of the water on Mars has frozen into ice.

The environment of Mars is also affected by strong radiation. Because it does not have a geomagnetic field to protect its atmosphere and surface like Earth, radiation levels on Mars are relatively high. This type of radiation poses major challenges to the survival and development of humans and other organisms, while also limiting the ability to explore and colonize Mars.

Mars is smaller than Earth, orbits farther than the Sun, and has an extremely harsh surface environment. These characteristics make Mars a challenging and mysterious planet, attracting humans to continue to explore and research. With the continuous development of science and technology, we believe that in the future we will understand and discover more mysteries about Mars.

With the continuous development of science and technology, we believe that in the future we will understand and discover more mysteries about Mars. (Photo: ZME).

Scientific goals of Mars exploration

Mars is one of the most important planets for humanity, whether there is life on Mars or not has always been an important question for scientists and space explorers. During the Mars exploration mission , scientists have set many scientific goals, of which the two most important goals are finding water and microbial fossils.

Water is one of the basic elements to maintain life. Finding out whether water exists on Mars has become one of the core goals of Mars exploration. Scientists have found a large amount of evidence that water once existed on Mars through data from multiple detectors. These signs include minerals in dust, traces of glaciers, water vapor and more.

Microbial fossils record the adaptability and survival conditions of life in different environments and are useful in studying the survival ability and possible life forms of life in the environment. hard. By studying microbial fossils on Mars, we can also understand the environmental evolutionary history of Mars and provide important references for future space exploration. (Photo: ZME).

If the inventory and distribution of water on Mars can be confirmed, it will have extremely important implications for humanity's future exploitation and use of Martian resources. The presence of water further illustrates the basic conditions for the possibility of life on Mars.

Meanwhile, microbial fossils are one of the important evidences for studying the evolutionary history of life and the existence of extraterrestrial life. Scientists hope to use rock samples collected from the Mars expedition to search for microbial fossils that could be preserved on Mars. Although no Martian microbial fossils have been directly observed, there are some data results that suggest the possibility of microorganisms on Mars.

With the continuous development of science and technology, humanity has made great strides in the field of space exploration. Now, a new target is quietly appearing in human sight - Mars. Many scientists believe that Mars, one of the closest planets to Earth, offers great opportunities for humans to land and colonize space. (Photo: Zhihu)

The pursuit of sending humans to Mars has become a common goal of the global scientific community. Many countries and private companies are actively investing funds and resources to carry out Mars exploration missions. For example, NASA's 'Mars Probe' project and SpaceX's 'Starship' plan are both trying to realize the dream of humans setting foot on Mars for the first time. This type of cooperation not only promotes the advancement of science and technology but also provides a deeper understanding of the space and cosmic environment.

If humans can successfully establish a residential base on Mars, it will lay the foundation for future space exploration and resource development. Not only that, scientific research and resource development on Mars will also help solve some problems on Earth such as resource scarcity and environmental pollution, thereby promoting the sustainable development of Earth. land.