Disease of young cattle

Young cattle are developing bodies, the processes of assimilation and catabolism proceed at a high level. But in young animals, the functioning of some organs in the body is also gradually completed and stable. So during this period the young cattle body has the following characteristics:

1. Circulatory system

The heart muscle of weak soft cattle, the frequency of heart palpitations and the physiological arrhythmia. Rapid coagulation speed, pH in the blood is inclined to acidosis. Low protein content in blood (only half the size of adult cattle), very little amount of g globulin in the blood, the balance of Ca and P changes always because of the need for bone formation, the demand for Fe ++ is high for blood to rise continuity.

2. Respiratory system

Nostrils of young short and small cattle, capillaries in the mucosa are clearly visible, soft lung organization, poor lymphadenopathy, poor resistance. Because the chest is small and narrow, they breathe fast, shallow and breathe the belly.

3. Digestive system

In calves and young goats, the esophagus is usually closed until Wednesday, until 9-10 months old, the groove expands gradually and the animal eats raw food. During breastfeeding, rumen develops slowly, weak intestinal muscles, and inadequate digestive enzymes, poor detoxification ability. So young cattle are very susceptible to gastrointestinal disease, very high mortality rates.

4. Urinary system

Neonatal animals do not have urobilinogen in their urine, and after 3-10 days of age and older, urobilinogen levels increase gradually, up to 7 months of age is similar to adult cattle.

5. Ability to regulate body temperature

The ability to regulate the body temperature of young cattle is very poor, so it is very sensitive to outside climate change, especially cold temperatures, making it easier for young cattle to get sick. In 15-20 day old cattle, the temperature is stable.

With all of these characteristics, young cattle are susceptible to diseases that affect the weight and quality of the cattle.

Malnutrition

Young flocks or in a herd have some children who are thin, stunted, slow, which is malnutrition.

1. Etiology

- Because the mother in the pregnancy period is less fostered, the food lacks protit, minerals, vitamins.

- Maternal cattle are affected, affecting the quality of milk, or due to the breeding of blood, the metabolism of young cattle decreases, leading to stunting and slow growth.

- Due to sick cattle such as enteritis, pneumonia, parasites .

2. Mechanism of pathogenesis

The process leading to malnutrition, first usually begins with digestive disorders, which reduces the ability of the stomach and intestines to move and digest, from which protein, minerals, vitamins are poorly absorbed. From malnutrition will reduce the excitement of the cerebral cortex, thus losing the ability to regulate the central regions under the cortex. On the other hand, in order to maintain life, it may be necessary to consume their own energy, causing the body to become thinner and thinner, resistance to decline, objects that are often sick or too weak to die.

3. Lesions

Animals often dry skin, fuzzy hair, sometimes appear hydration under the proximal, in front of the chest, follicular When the surgery does not see the subcutaneous fat, the flesh is white. Myocardial muscle, fat layer of coronary heart degeneration. Lungs shrunk, there was a collapse of each cluster, liver atrophy and pale.

4. Symptoms

Malnourished animals often grow slowly, fuzzy, pale mucosa, weak and weak legs, unsteady walking, preferring to lie in one place, sometimes with edema. Rapid and shallow breathing, rapid heart beat, gastric and intestinal peristalsis, when the food in the intestine is fermented, it produces diarrhea. Body temperature is often low.

Blood test: decreased hemoglobin content, decreased number of erythrocytes and leukocytes, increased rate of three globules, in the appearance of young red blood cells.

5. Treatment

- Improving nutrition for mothers. The offspring must feed the first milk, keeping the temperature of the barn warm and clean, training for young cattle to eat early.

- Need to add in the diet of young animals of trace minerals, vitamins (focus on vitamin D).