Handbook of questions and answers on acute respiratory infections caused by corona virus (Covid-19)

Here is a summary of frequently asked questions about acute respiratory disease caused by a new strain of corona virus, please refer.

Question 1: What is Corona nCoV virus?

Answer: Corona virus (nCoV) is a new respiratory virus that causes acute respiratory infections in humans and shows a human-to-human spread. This virus is a new virus that has not been previously identified.

Question 2: Where does Corona nCoV virus come from?

Answer : Health agencies and health partners are working hard to identify the origin of nCoV. It has been suggested that the Corona virus is a betacoronavirus, belonging to the family of viruses that cause MERS-CoV syndrome and SARS syndrome, all of which originate from a host of bats. Genetic analysis of this virus is underway to determine the specific origin of the virus.

Question 3: How is the mechanism of Corona nCoV virus spread?

Answer: This virus originally appeared from an animal source but has the ability to be transmitted from person to person. It is important to note that the spread from person to person can occur continuously. In humans, the virus spreads from person to person through contact with infected body fluids. Depending on the degree of spread of the virus, coughing, sneezing or shaking hands can expose people to exposure.

The virus can also be spread by touching someone on an object, then on their mouth, nose, and eyes. Caregivers may also be exposed to the virus when handling the patient's waste.

The corona virus can be spread by touching someone on an object.

Question 4: What are the symptoms and complications that Corona nCoV virus can cause?

Answer : Symptoms of patients with mild to severe nCoV include: fever, cough, and shortness of breath. These symptoms can appear 2 to 14 days after exposure. Upon onset, nCOV causes fever and may damage respiratory tract. In severe cases, pneumonia may occur and many other organs in the body may cause death, especially in cases of underlying disease.

Question 5: Are there any specific medicines to prevent and treat acute respiratory infections caused by new strains of Corona nCoV virus?

Answer: At this time, there is no specific medicine to prevent and treat acute respiratory infections caused by new strains of Corona nCoV virus. Patients now treated with symptomatic relief, severe cases will be applied the most optimal supportive treatments. A number of specific treatments are being studied, implemented in clinical treatment for patients.

Question 6: Which age group is more susceptible to new strains of Corona virus?

Answer: People of all ages can get a new strain of the Corona virus. However, the elderly, people with chronic diseases (such as bronchial asthma, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, .) will be susceptible and often worse.

Question 7: How can I help protect myself?

Answer: In order to proactively prevent acute respiratory infections caused by Corona nCoV virus, the Ministry of Health recommends that people and communities to well implement the following measures:

7. 1. People actively take preventive measures

• Limit direct contact with people with acute respiratory illness (fever, cough, shortness of breath); when necessary, wear proper medical mask and keep a distance of more than 02 meters when contacting.
• People with symptoms of fever, cough, shortness of breath should not travel or to crowded places. Immediately notify the health authorities of any of the above symptoms.
• Wash your hands often with soap and clean water for at least 30 seconds. In the absence of soap and clean water, use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer (at least 60% alcohol); gargling mouth and throat with salt water or mouthwash, avoiding hands to eyes, nose, mouth to prevent infection.
• You should cover your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing, preferably with a cloth or handkerchief, or a sleeve to reduce the spread of respiratory secretions. Do not spit indiscriminately in public.
• Use only cooked foods.
• Do not travel to endemic areas. Limit going to crowded places. In the case of going to crowded places people need to apply personal protective measures such as using masks, cursing hands with soap .
• Avoid trading, contacting pets or wild animals.
• Keep your body warm, improve your health by eating, resting, reasonable activities, and sports.
• Increase ventilation of housing area by opening doors and windows, limiting the use of air conditioners. Regularly clean floors, doorknobs, and surfaces of household objects with regular detergents, such as soap and other common disinfectant solutions.
• If signs of fever, cough or shortness of breath are required, wear a face mask, immediately notify the nearest medical facility for timely consultation, examination and treatment. Call the health facility before arrival for information about recent symptoms and schedules for proper support.

7. 2. People returning from China

• People returning from China from China need to isolate themselves at home and monitor their health within 14 days. Need to report to the nearest local health authority for assistance when needed.
• If there are signs of fever, cough, shortness of breath, a protective mask must be worn immediately notified to the nearest medical facility for timely consultation, examination and treatment. Call the health facility before arrival for information about recent symptoms and schedules for proper support.

7. 3. People who go to China

• If there is no need or unexpected job, it is not advisable to go to China during the acute respiratory infection caused by corona nCoV virus.
• In case of compulsory, they must be restricted from going out, regularly take preventive measures as recommended by the Ministry of Health.
• If signs of fever, cough, shortness of breath are required, wear a mask, notify immediately to the nearest medical facility for timely consultation, examination and treatment. Call the health facility before arrival for information about recent symptoms and schedules for proper support.

Question 8: What are my recommendations when I travel and travel?

8. 1. Avoid traveling, traveling if you are experiencing symptoms of fever, cough or shortness of breath

• Seek medical attention immediately if you experience the above symptoms.
• Share your travel schedule with medical staff.

8. 2. Some notes to prevent and prevent nCoV infection

• Avoid close contact with someone who has a fever or cough.
• Wash your hands often with soap and clean water; or alcohol-based hand cleaners.
• Avoid touching your eyes, nose or mouth.

8. 3. Use a mask properly

• When coughing or sneezing, cover your mouth and nose with a tissue or a sleeve. After using a tissue, throw the tissue in the trash. Wash hands immediately.
• When using a respirator, make sure the respirator covers the mouth and nose and avoid touching the respirator while in use.
• If using disposable masks, immediately use them in the trash and wash your hands after removing the mask.

4. Actively seek medical attention if you are ill

• If you feel sick when traveling, you should immediately notify the airline staff, railway or car and seek medical attention as soon as possible.
• Share your travel schedule with medical staff.

5. Important note to prevent and prevent nCoV infection

• Only use foods that are cooked and ensure food safety.
• Do not spit indiscriminately in public.
• Avoid close contact with pets or wild animals, whether live, sick or dead.

Question 9: How can I contact the notification?

Answer: The Ministry of Health has published two hotline phone numbers to provide information on acute respiratory infections caused by nCoV 2019: 1900 3228 and 1900 9095.

Along with that, 21 hotlines of Hospitals have facilities to monitor and treat isolated patients suspected and infected with nCoV:

• Bach Mai Hospital: 0969,851,616
• Central Tropical Hospital: 0969,241,616
• Hospital E: 0912.168.887
• National Hospital of Pediatrics: 0372,884,712
• Central Lung Hospital: 0967,941,616
• Vietnam - Sweden Hospital Uong Bi: 0966.681.313
• Thai Nguyen Central General Hospital: 0913.394.495
• Hue Central Hospital: 0965.301.212
• Cho Ray Hospital: 0969.871.010
• Can Tho Central General Hospital: 0907.736.736
• St. Paul Green Hospital: 0904.138.502
• Vinmec Hospital Hanoi: 0934,472,768
• Da Nang Hospital: 0903.583.881
• Ho Chi Minh City Tropical Hospital: 0967.341.010
• Children's Hospital 1: 0913.117.965
• Children's Hospital 2: 0798,429,841
• Dong Nai General Hospital: 0819.634.807
• Tropical Hospital Khanh Hoa: 0913.464.257
• Khanh Hoa Provincial Hospital: 0965.371.515
• Thai Binh Hospital: 0989.506.515
• Lang Son Provincial Hospital: 0396.802.226

Or you can contact us directly at the hotlines of local health facilities.

Question 10: How to check if a person is infected with nCoV?

Answer: The accurate nCoV diagnostic tests can only be conducted at health facilities authorized to perform tests. The technique for identifying nCoV strains including Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) and Real time RT - PCR techniques with samples of respiratory, sputum, and endotracheal fluids collected with a cotton swab and store in a suitable environment. In case of new suspicion of infection with Corona virus, health facilities will carry out procedures to save blood samples for delivery to units approved by the Ministry of Health.

Question 11: Do the blood pressure drugs make Covid-19 worse?

It was just a rumor. No one should stop taking any medicine without a doctor's prescription. It has recently been reported that some blood pressure drugs have an ACE2 inhibitor, which can make Covid-19 infection worse because corona virus also targets this protein.

The European Association of Cardiovascular Professionals has stated that there is no evidence for this claim, and that people who are taking blood pressure medications will have a health risk if they stop taking them.

Question 12: Do nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen work?

The World Health Organization advises people suspected of having Covid-19 to take paracetamol rather than ibuprofen.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) such as ibuprofen also target the ACE2 protein. In France, some doctors say that patients who have been treated aggressively have used these drugs. It is not known whether these patients with severe Covid-19 due to other health problems or NSAIDS are the only risk factors.

This is a hot issue under debate.

Question 13: Hand sanitizer is not as good as soap?

A piece of floating information on social media said that soap breaks down the fat envelope of viral particles better than alcohol. In fact, both soap and alcohol break down the virus particle but in a different way. Hand washing also works because washing your hands will wash away the virus particles from your hands.

Gargling with salt water does not kill the virus.

Using alcohol or soap is not as important as cleaning your hands regularly and properly.

Question 14: Do only the sick and the elderly die from Covid-19?

This is incorrect. Based on the situation in China and Italy, experts do not think that only the elderly and the sick die from Covid-19. Older people are at greater risk of serious illness and death, but young people are no exception.

Question 15: Can corona virus infect food?

It depends on whether the person carrying the virus coughs into the dish, or whether or not they share the same eating utensils with others.

The corona virus is spread by spreading particles containing viruses. When a person coughs or sneezes without covering his or her mouth, saliva and nasal droplets can be sprayed about 1-2 meters around the person. You are at very high risk of infection if these particles get into your mouth, nose or eyes. That's why keeping your hands hygienic and avoiding touching your face is extremely important.

If you are near a person who has the corona virus and that person coughs into your food, it can also make you sick. Sharing a spoon with a person can spread the virus.

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