Optimal materials from nature

The production of construction materials is a very expensive process, moreover, causing many adverse impacts on the environment, especially the air environment and water environment.Using the materials available in nature will reduce the processing and processing stages, more economical and not polluting the environment.

Please introduce a few natural materials that have optimal properties for housing construction.

Rock

Stone is one of the oldest used construction materials on earth.

Thinking about building a house, you think of square bricks or precast concrete blocks that are convenient. However, if you take advantage of the available stones locally, you can completely build yourself a unique, lovely home, moreover, it saves a lot of costs. The stone walls absorb heat well; this means that, when the weather outside is hot, it will absorb this amount of heat and keep the indoor air more pleasant than outside; conversely, in the winter, it uses the same heat-absorbing mechanism to absorb heat from the outside and 'heat' the interior space to be warm.

This type of material is suitable for use in desert areas where there is a huge difference in temperature between day and night. This type of material, if used appropriately, will be an economical solution for air conditioning because the house can be heated or cooled without the need for a heater or air conditioner. It reduces the amount of energy used for heating / cooling in the home.

Straw

This type of agricultural waste is also a material with many ideal properties for construction.

The compacted straw bales are extremely solid and sustainable construction materials. They are used as blocks for building structures, or as insulation. These thick straw walls have excellent thermal insulation properties, providing about 75% higher energy efficiency than traditional construction walls. Contrary to your belief that straw houses are a fire hazard, they are capable of fighting fire twice as much as regular houses because straw bales are tightly packed without leaving. the place for oxygen to get in, so this is a very hard material to burn.

Bamboo

Tre is an abundant source of raw materials and is ideal for construction.

The use of bamboo as decorative material has long been very popular, and now, the trend of using bamboo flooring is very popular in the US. In Asia and South America, people often use wood to make houses, and bamboo is an extremely strong, healthy wood that people used to make highways and build bridges.

This is also a source of recyclable materials because bamboo is one of the fastest growing species. Its life cycle is much shorter than other types of trees, and harvesting does not affect the roots, so it can continue to multiply quickly. To achieve the best use, bamboo must be treated through chemicals to turn it into a water-proof and termite-resistant material. In addition, construction with this material requires different techniques and methods than conventional construction methods. However, this is an extremely flexible and flexible material, with extremely high durability.

Excess wood

Excess wood pieces instead of being discarded or burned can be used as construction materials.

Excess logs instead of burning wood can also be used as a construction material that is both unique and firm. To get this kind of material, you can ask to buy at sawmills, wood furniture manufacturing shops, or use dead trees. Logs are cut back into equal lengths, connected together by mortar, possibly made of cement, or clay.

This is a construction material with good thermal insulation and good heat absorption. The logs are insulated, keeping the indoor space warm; The mortar is able to absorb and heat the house. After a period of construction, wood can shrink or stretch and crack the mortar layer, but be assured because you can completely overcome this problem by plastering the mortar to the crack.

Land

A modern clay house designed and built by architect Paul Weiner.

Although wood is the ideal material, it is not always available, and not everyone can afford it, so resourceful builders have figured out what to take advantage of. available: it is the land right at their feet.

The type of soil used to build walls is usually a mixture of some soils with high adhesion properties such as clay. When mixed with a reasonable ratio and properly constructed, the earth walls will be very sustainable, able to withstand extreme weather.

This is a cheap but highly effective material, and is a good absorbent and heat dissipation material. In addition, it also has other preeminent features such as anti-fire, anti-noise; In particular, it helps to limit deforestation and the use of other hazardous construction materials.

Bathroom built in earthship style

Apart from the above-mentioned method of making houses with clay, there is another very popular house-building style, also taking advantage of soil materials in combination with other 'junk' items such as tires, bottle caps . called houses. earthship created by biological architect Michael Reynolds. Earthship House is designed according to the principles of biological architecture, ensuring sustainable and environmentally friendly development.

This type of house was built to be Earth-friendly according to three principles - using available natural materials and recycled materials, applying the heat structure to temperature stability, using renewable energy and gravity water system. For Earthship, electricity and water bills . you pay only a very small number, even zero.

Adobe bricks

Producing unburnt bricks in Vietnam.

Unburnt bricks, also known as live bricks, are one of the oldest construction materials. They are widely used in the regions of South America, Middle East, South America, and Africa. Live bricks are made of a mixture of clay, sand, water, and sometimes people even mix straws, then squeeze each member into pieces. These bricks are not allowed to be burned but to be exposed to natural sunlight for a long time continuously.

Regarding the nature of forming, unburnt bricks are different from terracotta bricks. The process of using unburnt bricks, due to its petrified reactions in the mixture, will gradually increase the durability over time. All summarized and tested above have been certified: Durability, solidity of unburnt bricks better than baked red clay bricks and have been verified in all countries in the world: USA, Germany, China, Japan, .

Unburnt bricks in Vietnam are sometimes called brick blocks, concrete bricks, . however, with this call, they do not fully reflect the concept of unburnt bricks. Although unburnt bricks are popular in the world, in Vietnam, unburnt bricks still account for a low rate.

Comparison of economic and technical efficiency of production and use, non-baked building materials products have many outstanding properties:

- Do not use fuel such as coal, firewood . to burn fuel to save energy, and not to emit dust and smoke causing environmental pollution.

- Products with high strength, sound insulation, heat insulation, fire prevention, waterproof, waterproof, accurate size, perfect specifications than baked materials. Minimizing reinforced structure, shortening construction time, saving mortar, low cost.

In 2010, the Prime Minister signed a decision approving the unburnt construction material development program until 2020 with the goal of developing production and using this material to replace baked clay bricks. Accordingly, from 2011, buildings of 9 storeys or more will use at least 30% of light unburnt construction materials with a volume of no more than 1000kg per cubic meter of total construction materials. Three categories of unburnt construction materials are used for cement bricks - aggregates, light bricks and other types of bricks.