Pencil history

In ancient times, Roman times (Rome), the scribe (professional religious scholar of the time) wrote on papyrus with a metal bar called stylus. When writing, it will leave a mark but read it. Then the trees stylus is made of lead. Today we call the "lead" pen also from this pencil stylus.

Graphite

British Graphite:

Graphite coal

In 1564, in Borrowdale, England, a man happened to see in the roots of an original tree with graphite coal. So the whole village whispered about this mysterious mine. After this graphite mining, the use of graphite (graphite) was widespread. Graphite leaves a darker mark but is too soft and brittle, so it needs something to hold. First graphite trees are covered with wire. Graphite is then inserted into the wooden rod and when used, push the graphite rod by hand. Pencil was born.

The pencil was first produced in Nuremberg, Germany, in 1662. From the time of war with England, pencils used in the United States were imported. By 1812 William Monroe, Massachusetts, new invention of the first American pencil. In 1729 Benjamen Franklin advertised selling pencils in his Pennsylvania Gazette newspaper. George Washington used a pencil 3 inches (7.5 cm) long when he survived in the Ohio Territory in 1762.

American Graphite:

In 1821, Charles Dunbar (brother-in-law of Henry David Thoreau) discovered a layer of graphite coal deposits in New England. This graphite coal is certified as the best coal ever found in the United States. With good quality, Thoreau firm pencils are considered to be the best in the United States.

Graphite in Siberia:

While searching for gold at the Siberia stream, a French merchant, Jean Pierre Alibert picked up very soft and pure pieces of graphite. Thinking that the piece of lead had drifted away from its main source, he had made a trekle about 270 miles to find the source of his discovery. Since then he has been exploiting this rare quarter of lead mines for 7 years and since then has led the Chinese to become known.

Lead core today:

Today the lead core is mixed with graphite coal with clay (clay). Due to the varying dosage of graphite on clay, pencil makers can determine the hardness of pencil when writing on paper. The "H" from "hard" is hard. The higher the hardness, the harder it is to write a pencil, to write real and thin lines. Also, the "B" from "black" means black. Sometimes they use the "F" from "fine" to indicate that the pencil can be very sharp. They can also share properties with each other, for example, a pencil with the letter HB means that it is both hard and black, and the word "HH" means very hard and "HHBBB" is very hard and really black!

Wood for making pencils

American pencils are made of cedar wood

First, American pencils are made of Eastern red cedar wood. It was a hard, hard-to-have wood, living in Tennessee and other parts of South America. The 1900s produced pencils that needed extra wood, so they went to the Sierra Nevada mountains in California. Here they find aromatic cedar, a plant that grows a lot, and they take high-grade pencils. California aromatic cedar plants quickly become pencil wood that is loved by the whole world. To ensure continued aromatic cedar plants, they continuously cultivate this variety into a forest

The pencil has a gum base:

Hyman Lipman

The first pencil sample with gum attached to the head was made in 1858 by Hyman Lipman in Philadelphia. However, most of the pencils on sale now have no eraser!

First gum made of rubber tree plastic. Increasingly, the gum is made of synthetic rubber and adds pumice (pumice, which is a light foam used to remove stains) but is then replaced by vinyl. Vinyl is a durable and tough plastic.

Why is the pencil painted yellow?

The pencil was painted yellow from the 1890s and this bright yellow so that you could find it easily because it was easily confused on the wooden table of the same color.

In the 1800s, graphite was best imported from China. Therefore manufacturers want to let people know that their pencils are made of Chinese graphite. In China, yellow is the color of king, the color is respected. The Americans painted bright yellow on pencils in order to feel the "king" and showed that the gut leaded its good qualities in connection with China.

Currently 75% of the pencils in the United States are painted yellow.

The celebrities used pencil:

Metal pencil

John Steinbeck wrote The grapes of wrath and Cannery Row, which used to size 60 cedar wooden pencils each day. Ernest Hemingway, author of The Old Man and the Sea and The Snow of Kilimandjaro loves to use cedar pencils to write his thoughts.

Before writing Walden, Henry David Thoreau built pencils in his father's workshop. Thoreau's famous pencil is the hardest and darkest in the United States.

Thomas Edison took the initiative to keep in his pocket a pencil of 3.5 inches long to record. Pencil is a typical escape for soldiers during the South American Civil War

Leonardo Da Vinci often used pencils to sketch