Typical misconceptions in life through scientific

Look for scientific solutions and solutions for the paranoia that we meet every day.

It seems that in everyday life, we must live with many prejudices. It may be due to the educational environment, personality, may also be due to the temporary 'dark' of the brain when handling too much information.

According to the scientific explanations below, overcoming biases, minimizing psychological paranoia will help you make better decisions.

1. Failure just because of lack of luck - blaming the situation

Self-Serving Bias occurs when an individual thinks that the positive results they achieve are due to internal factors and negative results from outside. A good example for this case is the score.

When you get good test scores, you believe it is because of intelligence or good study habits. But when you get a bad score, you blame the lecturer or because you're unfortunate.

This prejudice is very common when we want to increase prestige from success but reject the responsibility of failure. Scientists say this is because we set a bias to protect or enhance our self-esteem.

This prejudice happens quite the opposite when we judge others. When we see people with lower grades on the test, we give them internal causes like they are inferior, lazy . Similarly, when they excel in the test, we think, they just sew Lucky or loved by the teacher, she.

This phenomenon is essentially a form of 'self-defense' , often only making us more self-deprecating or overly self-deprecating. It does not help a person who is more progressive or happy in life. The reason is that in everyday life, everyone has to face hundreds of different problems, and in which there are things that make us feel the best, or nothing.

2. The world is always fair - sowing wind and storm

We tend to believe that the world is extremely fair, whoever does bad things will have to pay the price and the kindness will certainly receive a 'reward' in the future. Therefore, when we see the results of a person, we often conclude that it is a fair reward for their actions.

To illustrate this, researcher L.Carli of Wellesley University (USA) told the story of a woman. The story of the story is the same, but L.Carli gave two different endings for the two groups involved in the study: the woman who was harmed or married to a great man. In both groups, participants blamed (or praised) women's actions for such results.

This tendency of belief seems good because it forces us to act, behave well to receive the "reward" in the future. But sometimes it turns us into selfish people.

For example, when we witness an unfair action, we look for reasons to assume that the victim deserves it. This eases anxiety and makes us feel safer when we think that, if we avoid those reasons, unfair actions will not happen to us.

Besides this phenomenon, there is another phenomenon called 'the world of mourning' . This phenomenon happens to people who are infected by violent books and movies. They always find that the outside world is far more dangerous than it actually is, causing excessive fear and protection.

3. Only care what you think is right

Have you ever wondered why we often tend to like people who think with us? That's because the brain is always 'interested' in the information related to its owner.

This tendency is called a bias or a self-determination (confirmation bias ). It happens when we actively seek information to confirm the current thoughts and beliefs we have according to bias perception.

In an experiment in 1979 at the University of Minnesota (USA), researchers divided the volunteer group into two small groups and read them a story about a woman named Jane.

In some cases, Jane is described as an introvert, but in other circumstances, Jane is an extrovert. Later, a volunteer group was asked, is Jane suitable for library work? The people in the group said it was appropriate because they remembered Jane as an introvert.

On the other hand, when asked if Jane is suitable for real estate work? They said Jane was suitable for this job because she was an extrovert and not suitable for library work.

Scientists explain that this is because when you have an idea in mind, there is a tendency to look for evidence to support it and not pay attention to refute them.

This is like when you think, I'm always lucky to wear a red shirt. The reason is because you only remember the times when this was true and missed the other lucky times when you didn't wear a red shirt.

The search for evidence, explain and remember favorably is considered to be the cause of overconfidence in personal beliefs, polarizing or fanatic views.

4. The first appearance is the best

A study by scientists at Berkeley and Harvard University (USA) has shown that people often like the first thing they see. This phenomenon is called 'Primacy effect' . The impact first affects people's choices in different areas.

To prove this, the scientists gave a group of volunteers a review of the couples through photographs. When making a survey for the volunteer team to evaluate each couple, the result is the same.

But when using a special test about potential interests, there is a surprising difference. In particular, the first pair of seen couples was rated above all.

Another experiment is about two packs of gum that are quite similar in form but different brands. When they tell the observer what they should choose, they immediately wonder. However, when deciding quickly, 62% of observers choose the first package of candy, the remaining 38% choose the second package.

Both examples show that people tend to be biased with what they see first . Scientists say this is because we often remember things that we see first better than the next and tend to think that it is more important or meaningful.